Quantum fluids and solids are many-body physical systems in which quantum mechanical effects, such as wavefunction coherence, zero-point motion, and quantization of circulation, dominate macroscopic behavior. Quantum fluids include systems like superfluid helium and ultracold atomic Bose–Einstein condensates, characterized by frictionless flow, quantized vortices, and collective excitations described by Bogoliubov theory or hydrodynamic formalisms. Quantum solids, such as solid helium, exhibit significant zero-point motion, tunneling, and in some regimes potential supersolid behavior with simultaneous crystalline order and superfluid-like response. These systems serve as platforms for studying strongly correlated quantum phases, emergent quasiparticles, and quantum phase transitions under controlled thermodynamic conditions.
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