Reaction transport, often termed reactive transport, is a topic in chemical, environmental, and geosciences that examines the coupled processes of chemical reactions and the physical transport of species in fluids or porous media. It integrates advection, diffusion, and dispersion with homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions such as aqueous speciation, sorption, redox transformations, and precipitation–dissolution. Mathematically, it is formulated as systems of partial differential equations combining mass-balance with kinetic or equilibrium reaction terms. Reaction transport modeling is central for predicting contaminant fate, nutrient cycling, mineral alteration, and biogeochemical dynamics in groundwater, soils, aquatic systems, and engineered reactors.
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