Quarks are elementary fermions that constitute a fundamental physical system underlying hadronic matter in the Standard Model of particle physics. They carry color charge and interact via the strong force, mediated by gluons, and also participate in electromagnetic and weak interactions according to their electric charges and weak isospin assignments. Quarks exist in six flavors (up, down, charm, strange, top, bottom) and are confined within composite systems such as baryons and mesons, never observed in isolation due to color confinement. Their dynamics are described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), where quark fields and their color degrees of freedom form the fundamental components of strongly interacting systems.
The ATLAS collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has released a new high-precision measurement of the lifetime of the electrically neutral beauty (B0) meson—a hadron composed of a bottom antiquark and a down quark.
General Physics
Dec 19, 2024
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Queen Mary University of London physicist Professor Chris White, along with his twin brother Professor Martin White from the University of Adelaide, have discovered a surprising connection between the Large Hadron Collider ...
Quantum Physics
Dec 19, 2024
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Nuclear theorists at Brookhaven National Laboratory and Argonne National Laboratory have successfully employed a new theoretical approach to calculate the Collins-Soper kernel, a quantity that describes how the distribution ...
General Physics
Dec 9, 2024
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The quarks that make up the nuclei of all atoms around us are known to "mix": the different types of quark occasionally change into one another. The amounts in which these processes happen are not very well known, though—and ...
General Physics
Dec 4, 2024
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Scientists can determine the mass of subatomic particles that are built from quarks by looking at the particles' energy and momentum in four-dimensional spacetime. One of the quantities that encode this information, called ...
General Physics
Nov 15, 2024
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At a talk held at CERN this week, the ATLAS collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) reported observing top quarks in collisions between lead ions, marking the first observation of this process in interactions between ...
General Physics
Nov 15, 2024
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Nuclear physics theorists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated that complex calculations run on supercomputers can accurately predict the distribution of electric charges ...
General Physics
Nov 6, 2024
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In collisions between protons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), pairs of top quarks—the heaviest known elementary particles—are frequently produced along with other heavy quarks, including bottom and charm quarks. These ...
General Physics
Oct 16, 2024
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The atomic nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons, particles that exist through the interaction of quarks bonded by gluons. It would seem, therefore, that it should not be difficult to reproduce all the properties of ...
General Physics
Oct 15, 2024
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Scientists are conducting experiments in search of evidence of a possible critical point in the Quantum Chromodynamics phase diagram. Quantum chromodynamics describes how the strong force binds quarks and antiquarks together ...
General Physics
Sep 24, 2024
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