Quantum gravity is a research area in theoretical physics that seeks a consistent, predictive framework unifying general relativity with quantum mechanics by quantizing the gravitational field. It investigates regimes where spacetime curvature and quantum effects are simultaneously significant, such as near singularities and at the Planck scale, and aims to resolve conceptual tensions including the problem of time, the nature of spacetime microstructure, and black hole information dynamics. Major approaches include string theory, loop quantum gravity, asymptotic safety, causal dynamical triangulations, and emergent gravity scenarios, each proposing distinct mathematical formalisms and testable phenomenological implications for high-energy, cosmological, or precision-gravity experiments.
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