Multispectral imaging is an optical acquisition method that records scene radiance or reflectance in multiple discrete spectral bands, typically spanning the visible, near-infrared, and sometimes shortwave infrared regions. Using bandpass filters, tunable filters, or sensor arrays with spectrally selective elements, it generates co-registered images where each band captures wavelength-dependent material properties. Quantitative analysis of these bands enables spectral feature extraction, classification, and segmentation based on differences in absorption, scattering, or fluorescence. In research, multispectral imaging is applied to non-destructive assessment, tissue characterization, remote sensing, and cultural heritage analysis, often serving as a lower-complexity, higher-throughput alternative to full hyperspectral imaging.
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