Hawking radiation as a research area investigates the quantum-mechanical particle emission predicted to occur at black hole event horizons, integrating quantum field theory in curved spacetime, general relativity, and thermodynamics. It explores the derivation, robustness, and extensions of Hawking’s original calculation, its implications for black hole thermodynamics, entropy, and temperature, and its central role in the black hole information loss problem. The field also includes studies of analog Hawking radiation in laboratory systems, possible observational signatures of evaporation for primordial or microscopic black holes, and attempts to embed the phenomenon in candidate quantum gravity frameworks such as string theory and holography.
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