GPS measurement, as a methodological term, refers to the use of Global Positioning System receivers and associated processing techniques to determine the spatial position, velocity, and sometimes timing of an object or observation point relative to a defined reference frame (typically WGS84 or ITRF). Methodological considerations include signal acquisition from multiple satellites, dilution of precision, error sources (ionospheric and tropospheric delays, multipath, clock and ephemeris errors), and correction strategies such as differential GPS (DGPS), real-time kinematic (RTK), and post-processed kinematic (PPK). GPS measurement methods are widely integrated into geodesy, geophysics, navigation, and field data collection protocols for high-precision spatial analysis.
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