Air transportation, as a human activity, encompasses the organized operation, management, and regulation of aircraft for the movement of passengers, cargo, and mail through the atmosphere along predefined routes and schedules. It includes the technical and operational functions of airlines, airports, air traffic management, and ground support services, as well as compliance with international and national aviation regulations and safety standards. The activity integrates flight operations, maintenance, crew training, scheduling, network planning, and logistics, and relies on coordinated interactions among regulatory authorities, service providers, and users to maintain safety, efficiency, capacity, and environmental performance within the global air transport system.
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