Aeromagnetic surveying is a geophysical exploration method that measures spatial variations in the Earth’s magnetic field from an airborne platform, typically using high-sensitivity proton-precession, optically pumped, or fluxgate magnetometers mounted on fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters. The method detects contrasts in magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetization of subsurface rocks, enabling mapping of lithological boundaries, structural features, and buried igneous bodies. Data acquisition incorporates precise navigation (e.g., GPS), altitude control, and base-station corrections to remove diurnal variations. Subsequent processing (leveling, filtering, reduction to the pole, and derivative calculations) produces anomaly maps used in mineral, hydrocarbon, and crustal-structure studies.
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