Chemical physics and physical chemistry is a closely related research area focused on understanding chemical phenomena using the concepts, theories, and methods of physics. It investigates the structure, dynamics, energetics, and reactivity of atoms, molecules, and condensed phases through quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, spectroscopy, and molecular simulations. Core topics include potential energy surfaces, molecular collisions, photophysics and photochemistry, reaction dynamics, non-equilibrium processes, and the behavior of complex systems such as liquids, interfaces, and nanostructures. The field emphasizes quantitatively predictive models, precise measurement, and the development of experimental and computational techniques to probe and control matter at the molecular and electronic levels.
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