Breakthrough in stabilization of solid electrolyte paves way to all-solid-state batteries

Osaka Metropolitan University scientists have achieved an unprecedented stabilization of the high-temperature phase of Li₃PS₄—a critical material for all-solid-state batteries—thus attaining exceptional ionic conductivity even at room temperature. This breakthrough brings us one step closer to the realization of all-solid-state batteries and the adoption of this technology in a broad range of applications, including electric vehicles. The results were published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

All-solid-state batteries are expected to be put to practical use as next-generation energy storage devices that integrate high levels of safety and enhanced energy density, thereby realizing a sustainable society. All-solid-state lithium batteries operate by facilitating the movement of lithium ions through a solid electrolyte. However, since ions cannot move freely within solids, the development of solid electrolytes with high ion conductivity that, like liquid electrolytes, enable the rapid movement of lithium ions, is imperative.

A research group led by Professor Akitoshi Hayashi and Associate Professor Atsushi Sakuda of the Graduate School of Engineering at Osaka Metropolitan University succeeded in stabilizing, for the first time, the high-temperature phase of Li₃PS₄ (α-Li₃PS₄), which exhibits high ion conductivity, at room temperature via rapid heating to crystallize Li₃PS₄ at 400 °C min⁻¹. Since Li₃PS₄ is a promising solid electrolyte, this achievement makes possible the development of materials for all-solid-state batteries with higher performance.

Professor Hayashi explained, "Li₃PS₄ showcases varied crystal structures depending on temperature variations. The high-temperature phase is generally recognized for its superior ionic conductivity; however, the challenge has been to stabilize this phase at room temperature. We finally accomplished it by focusing on the heating rate during crystallization. This is the culmination of nearly 20 years dedicated to the development of all-solid-state battery materials."