Scientists at the University of California, Irvine have developed a new deep-learning framework that predicts gene regulation at the single-cell level.
Biotechnology
Jan 06, 2021
0
194
An unusual study that involved bar coding and tracking the behavior of thousands of individual honey bees in six queenless bee hives and analyzing gene expression in their brains offers new insights into how gene regulation ...
Plants & Animals
Dec 22, 2020
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305
In poultry production systems, chicks after hatching may be exposed to different stress factors such as being moved without food and drink to rearing houses or changes in temperature. These stressful early-life experiences ...
Plants & Animals
Dec 08, 2020
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4
The addition and removal of methyl groups on DNA plays an important role in gene regulation. In order to study these mechanisms more precisely, a German team has developed a new method by which specific methylation sites ...
Biochemistry
Nov 24, 2020
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19
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have identified how the architecture of the cell nucleus can change gene activity in plants. This discovery reveals fundamental knowledge about genome regulation and points toward future ...
Cell & Microbiology
Nov 20, 2020
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26
We need a variety of antibody types to help fight off invading foreign pathogens and our genome is exquisitely tuned to produce them to meet emerging needs. A new study finds that not just our DNA, but its configuration and ...
Cell & Microbiology
Nov 19, 2020
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30
A large-scale study conducted by molecular biologists from Heidelberg University has yielded groundbreaking new insights into the evolution and regulation of gene expression in mammalian organs. The scientists investigated ...
Evolution
Nov 11, 2020
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603
A high-sugar diet reprograms the taste cells in fruit flies, dulling their sensitivity to sugar and leaving a "molecular memory" on their tongues, according to a University of Michigan study.
Plants & Animals
Nov 11, 2020
1
351
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs—bits of genetic code that serve as critical gene regulators in many aspects of biological processes important for human health. Due to their essential ...
Biochemistry
Oct 27, 2020
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111
Who are we? Where did we come from? How did we get here? Throughout the ages, humans have sought answers to these questions, pursuing wisdom through religion, philosophy, and eventually science. Evolutionary analyses published ...
Evolution
Sep 18, 2020
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25
Gene modulation redirects here. For information on therapeutic regulation of gene expression, see therapeutic gene modulation.
Regulation of gene expression (or gene regulation) includes the processes that cells and viruses use to turn the information in genes into gene products. Although a functional gene product may be an RNA or a protein, the majority of known mechanisms regulate protein coding genes. Any step of the gene's expression may be modulated, from DNA-RNA transcription to the post-translational modification of a protein.
Gene regulation is essential for viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes as it increases the versatility and adaptability of an organism by allowing the cell to express protein when needed. The first discovered example of a gene regulation system was the lac operon, discovered by Jacques Monod, in which protein involved in lactose metabolism are expressed by E.coli only in the presence of lactose and absence of glucose.
Furthermore, gene regulation drives the processes of cellular differentiation and morphogenesis, leading to the creation of different cell types in multicellular organisms where the different types of cells may possess different gene expression profiles though they all possess the same genome sequence.
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