Chicken whisperers: Humans crack the clucking code

A University of Queensland-led study has found humans can tell if chickens are excited or displeased, just by the sound of their clucks.

Professor Joerg Henning from UQ's School of Veterinary Science said researchers investigated whether humans could correctly identify the context of calls or clucking sounds made by domestic chickens, the most commonly farmed species in the world. The research was published in Royal Society Open Science.

"In this study, we used recordings of chickens vocalizing in all different scenarios from a previous experiment," Professor Henning said.

"Two calls were produced in anticipation of a reward, which we called the 'food' call and the 'fast' cluck."

"Two other call types were produced in non-reward contexts, such as food being withheld, which we called the 'whine' and 'gakel' calls."

The researchers played the audio files back to test whether humans could tell in which context the chicken sounds were made, and whether various demographics and levels of experience with chickens affected their correct identification.

"We found 69% of all participants could correctly tell if a chicken sounded excited or displeased," Professor Henning said.

"This is a remarkable result and further strengthens evidence that humans have the ability to perceive the emotional context of vocalizations made by different species."

Professor Henning said the ability to detect emotional information from vocalization could improve the welfare of farmed chickens.

"A substantial proportion of participants being able to successfully recognize calls produced in reward-related contexts is significant," he said.

"It provides confidence that people involved in chicken husbandry can identify the emotional state of the birds they look after, even if they don't have prior experience.

"Our hope is that in future research, specific acoustic cues that predict how humans rate arousal in chicken calls could be identified, and these results could potentially be used in artificially intelligent based detection systems to monitor vocalizations in chickens.

"This would allow for the development of automated assessments of compromised or good welfare states within poultry management systems.

"Ultimately this could enhance the management of farmed chickens to improve their welfare, while helping conscientious consumers to make more informed purchasing decisions."