Before DNA can be transcribed into RNA, an early step in turning the genetic template into protein, the nucleus must first assemble a molecular machine called the pre-initiation complex (PIC), capable of unzipping the double ...
Cell & Microbiology
Dec 2, 2014
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For 10 years, Patrick Cramer and his colleagues at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich have probed the structure of RNA polymerase I, a crucial cog in the machinery of all cells. Now they unveil the full three-dimensional ...
Cell & Microbiology
Oct 24, 2013
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Every cell is a hectic messaging center, with thousands of genes churning out messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts for translation into functional proteins. Accordingly, sequencing the mRNA content of an individual cell can reveal ...
Biotechnology
Jul 4, 2013
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Mammalian cells pack their genome into a highly organized three-dimensional structure, in which the thread-like DNA is wrapped tightly around spool-like proteins. This structure, known as chromatin, plays an important role ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jul 18, 2012
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Life is complicated enough, so you can forgive the pioneers of DNA biology for glossing over transcriptional elongation control by RNA polymerase II, the quick and seemingly bulletproof penultimate step in the process that ...
Cell & Microbiology
Dec 22, 2011
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Mitochondria are compartments within cells and have their own DNA. The key protein required for the expression of the genetic information in this DNA is the mitochondrial RNA polymerase enzyme. Its three-dimensional structure ...
Cell & Microbiology
Sep 26, 2011
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Researchers at the University of Dundee have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how human cells decode genes important for cell growth and multiplication.
Biotechnology
Sep 16, 2011
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Just like orchestra musicians waiting for their cue, RNA polymerase II molecules are poised at the start site of many developmentally controlled genes, waiting for the "Go!"- signal to read their part of the genomic symphony. ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jul 14, 2011
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DNA replication, the process by which a strand of DNA is copied during cell proliferation , and DNA transcription, the process by which the message in the DNA is translated into messenger RNA, involve the same "track" or ...
Cell & Microbiology
May 13, 2010
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All cells perform certain basic functions. Each must selectively transcribe parts of the DNA that makes up its genome into RNAs that specify the structure of proteins. The set of proteins synthesized by a cell in turn determines ...
Cell & Microbiology
Oct 9, 2009
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