Recently, a group led by Prof. Li Gao from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with Prof. Wan Chongqing from Capital Normal University and Prof. Hannu Hakkinen ...
Materials Science
Nov 03, 2020
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5
Palladium catalysts help synthesize key chemicals for many industries. However, direct reaction of two basic reagents, aryl halides and alkyllithium compounds, remains a challenge. Now, a team of scientists have found that ...
Materials Science
Oct 09, 2020
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18
Controlling the regioselectivity has been a fundamental issue in organic synthesis due to the possible formation of a set of regioisomers in chemical reactions.
Analytical Chemistry
Aug 31, 2020
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8
In order to deliver drug particles to the right place in the body—a field known as nanomedicine—selectivity plays an important role. After all, the drug only has to attach itself to the cells that need it. A theory from ...
Bio & Medicine
Aug 24, 2020
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102
Before the days of rote texting and email, if you wanted to communicate with a friend you might have personalized and assembled a physical letter. Similarly, the individual cells in our bodies communicate with each other ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Jul 20, 2020
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9
Currently, various therapeutic compounds on the market, such as proteins, enzymes, and amino acids, are 'chiral compounds'—molecules with two structures that are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed. Although ...
Materials Science
Jun 29, 2020
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5
Our lungs, bones, blood vessels and other major organs are made up of cells, and one way our bodies keep us healthy is by using protein messengers known as ligands that bind to receptors on the surfaces of cells to regulate ...
Biotechnology
Jun 08, 2020
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4839
Chemists at TU Dresden have fabricated surface-clean noble metal aerogels boosting electrocatalysis performance by revisiting ligand chemistry. They have reported their results in Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
Materials Science
Mar 25, 2020
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131
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging multi-functional materials that are gradually finding their way out of the research labs and into a myriad of real-world applications. For example, MOFs can store dangerous gasses, ...
Materials Science
Mar 23, 2020
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84
Historically, the oceans have done much of the planet's heavy lifting when it comes to sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Microscopic organisms known collectively as phytoplankton, which grow throughout the ...
Earth Sciences
Feb 17, 2020
17
541
In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule (see also: functional group) that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding between metal and ligand generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's electron pairs. The nature of metal-ligand bonding can range from covalent to ionic. Furthermore, the metal-ligand bond order can range from one to three. Ligands are viewed as Lewis bases, although rare cases are known involving Lewis acidic "ligands."
Metal and metalloids are bound to ligands in virtually all circumstances, although gaseous "naked" metal ions can be generated in high vacuum. Ligands in a complex dictate the reactivity of the central atom, including ligand substitution rates, the reactivity of the ligands themselves, and redox. Ligand selection is a critical consideration in many practical areas, including bioinorganic and medicinal chemistry, homogeneous catalysis, and environmental chemistry.
Ligands are classified in many ways: their charge, their size (bulk), the identity of the coordinating atom(s), and the number of electrons donated to the metal (denticity or hapticity). The size of a ligand is indicated by its cone angle.
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