AI approach optimizes development of antibody drugs

Proteins have evolved to excel at everything from contracting muscles to digesting food to recognizing viruses. To engineer better proteins, including antibodies, scientists often iteratively mutate the amino acids—the ...

Germ-free animal models reveal gut bacteria's role in health

Once considered a minor component of the digestive system, the gut microbiota has now been recognized as a critical player in overall human health. This revelation was first highlighted by scientist Elie Metchnikov in the ...

Exploring lysosomal biology: Current approaches and methods

Lysosomes are critical for cellular degradation, characterized by their acidic pH and array of hydrolytic enzymes. They degrade materials through endocytosis, phagocytosis, and autophagy, recycling essential components. Lysosomes ...

Bioengineers on the brink of breaching blood-brain barrier

Imagine the brain as an air traffic control tower, overseeing the crucial and complex operations of the body's "airport." This tower, essential for coordinating the ceaseless flow of neurological signals, is guarded by a ...

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