It is widely believed that when foods undergo processing, their health benefits are reduced. But that is not true for cocoa, according to a Penn State-led team of researchers, who conducted a new study using a mouse model.
Biochemistry
Feb 27, 2023
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44
Certain genes can exist in different, functionally divergent variants in the individuals of a species. If they lead to clear differences, for example in a phenotype or susceptibility to disease, this is known in biology as ...
Evolution
Jan 31, 2023
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16
A tendency for one or both spouses to avoid or withdraw from tough conversations could set up married couples for emotional distress, bad feelings about their relationship, chronic inflammation and lowered immune function, ...
Social Sciences
Jan 18, 2023
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30
Researchers have long been working on how to treat obesity, a serious condition that can lead to hypertension, diabetes, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. Studies have also revealed a strong correlation of ...
Bio & Medicine
Dec 1, 2022
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362
Researchers in the lab of Harvard Medical School structural biologist Hao Wu have deciphered the step-by-step assembly of a molecular complex that's crucial for fighting off infections but can also give rise to myriad diseases ...
Biochemistry
Nov 29, 2022
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20
National University of Singapore food scientists developed a method to synthesize bioactive bi- and tri-flavones using molecular oxygen and food-grade alkaline water.
Biochemistry
Nov 21, 2022
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100
Using a protein nanoparticle they designed, scientists at the University of Illinois Chicago have identified two distinct subtypes of neutrophils and found that one of the subtypes can be used as a drug target for inflammatory ...
Bio & Medicine
Apr 5, 2022
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47
In molecular biology, transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, whereas a transcription factor (or TF) is a protein that controls the rate of copying this segment. The segments of DNA transcribed ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Feb 24, 2022
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17
With the Winter Olympics approaching, many people will soon be tuning in to watch events that take place on ice, such as figure skating, speed skating and ice hockey. An ultrathin, super-lubricating layer of water on the ...
Bio & Medicine
Jan 12, 2022
0
58
If the word 'microplastics' conjures up thoughts of straws, sea turtles, and thoughts that the world has bigger problems, you're definitely not alone. It's in the name: although they are strictly defined as plastic particles ...
Environment
Dec 23, 2021
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12
Inflammation (Latin, inflamatio, to set on fire) is the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It is a protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli as well as initiate the healing process for the tissue. Inflammation is not a synonym for infection. Even in cases where inflammation is caused by infection, the two are not synonymous: infection is caused by an exogenous pathogen, while inflammation is the response of the organism to the pathogen.
In the absence of inflammation, wounds and infections would never heal and progressive destruction of the tissue would compromise the survival of the organism. However, an inflammation that runs unchecked can also lead to a host of diseases, such as hay fever, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. It is for that reason that inflammation is normally closely regulated by the body.
Inflammation can be classified as either acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is the initial response of the body to harmful stimuli and is achieved by the increased movement of plasma and leukocytes from the blood into the injured tissues. A cascade of biochemical events propagates and matures the inflammatory response, involving the local vascular system, the immune system, and various cells within the injured tissue. Prolonged inflammation, known as chronic inflammation, leads to a progressive shift in the type of cells which are present at the site of inflammation and is characterised by simultaneous destruction and healing of the tissue from the inflammatory process.
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