Promotion of simple behaviors such as recycling plastic can lead to climate-related, sustainable behaviors

Professor Kerrie Wilson, from the QUT Center for Environment, said there was some concern that performing "easy" sustainable behaviors could allow people to become complacent that they were doing enough for the environment.

"For example, the banning of plastic bags could distract people from the fact that other pressing environmental issues, such as emissions, are being neglected," Professor Wilson said. "On the other hand, it could be that focusing on plastic may have a spill-over effect and act as a gateway for broader conservation action; our study aimed to address this gap in our knowledge."

Professor Wilson said most Australians were aware that climate change was one of the greatest threats to the Great Barrier Reef's survival.

"Yet, when it comes to taking action for the reef, people tend to consider plastic-reduction behaviors rather than adopt big-picture measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions," she said. "We investigated whether small environmental actions could lead to wider climate actions using a technique called 'priming.'

"Priming comes from a growing body of evidence that if a person's past positive actions (in this case past environmental actions, no matter how small) are acknowledged, it can prompt a spill-over into wider, more impactful climate change actions."

The team, comprising Professor Wilson, Yolanda Waters and Dr. Angela Dean, surveyed a representative sample of Australians on 11 common plastic-related behaviors they may have done in the past week. The findings are published in the journal Marine Policy.

"Participants who selected from the options received a message to acknowledge past positive actions—'Great! You already find it easy to reduce your impact' and were shown information on plastic pollution and the Great Barrier Reef and the slogan 'Save the reef. Say no to plastic.'

A second group, after completing the survey, were given information about climate change and the Great Barrier Reef with the call to action 'together we can protect the reef.'

"We followed up with questions on their intention to do a number of climate behaviors and on their actual behavior to support climate change mitigation."

Professor Wilson said the second part of the study tested these messages on "already engaged" participants, 90% of whom had visited the reef and 68% who had had some experience in marine biology or marine conservation.

"Our results show that plastic messages and broader marine plastic campaigns could motivate wider action on climate change. We found those who received the messages about plastic pollution and GBR showed greater climate intention and behavior than those who did not, particularly if past behavior was made salient.

"However, the same experiment with the 'already engaged' group found that acknowledging past behavior had no effect, indicating the potential for positive or negative spill-over may vary with different audiences.

"Of note we found plastic messaging was particularly effective in political conservatives, suggesting it could be useful in cutting through political polarization on climate change."