New level of genetic diversity in human RNA sequences uncovered

A detailed comparison of DNA and RNA in human cells has uncovered a surprising number of cases where the corresponding sequences are not, as has long been assumed, identical. The RNA-DNA differences generate proteins that ...

Lampreys give clues to evolution of immune system

Biologists have discovered that primitive, predatory lampreys have structures within their gills that play the same role as the thymus, the organ where immune cells called T cells develop in mammals, birds and fish.

One lock, many keys

German researchers discover how immune system B-cells can react to very different substances.

Researchers reveal similarities between fish and humans

A study at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine has identified the function of one of the earliest antibodies in the animal kingdom, an ancient immunoglobulin that helps explain the evolution of human ...

Slackers and superstars of the microbial workplace

Drug companies often use yeast to manufacture drugs, especially proteins such as antibodies and enzymes. It has been assumed that a batch of genetically identical yeast will secrete such drugs at uniform rates, but MIT chemical ...

Hungry immune guardians are snappier

German researchers have discovered an elementary mechanism which regulates vital immune functions in healthy people. In situations of hunger which mean stress for the body's cells, the body releases more antimicrobial peptides ...

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