Two opposing teams battle it out to regulate gene expression on the DNA playing field. One, the activators, keeps DNA open to enzymes that transcribe DNA into RNA. Their repressor opponents antagonize that effort by twisting ...
Cell & Microbiology
Aug 26, 2012
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Gene editing is one of the latest breakthroughs in biology. The widely known CRISPR-Cas gene editing system provided prokaryotes (organisms that lack cell nuclei) an immunity against foreign DNA. Since the discovery of the ...
Cell & Microbiology
Apr 7, 2023
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56
(PhysOrg.com) -- Inventing a useful new tool for creating chemical reactions between single molecules, scientists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology have employed microfluidics -- the manipulation of fluids ...
Nanophysics
Sep 22, 2009
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Builders of genetic circuits face the same quandary as builders of digital circuits: testing their designs. Yet unlike bioengineers, engineers have a simple and universal testing tool—the multimeter—that they can touch ...
Molecular & Computational biology
May 21, 2019
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104
A new study reveals that a group of ancient enzymes adapted to substantial changes in ocean temperature and acidity during the last four billion years, providing evidence that life on Early Earth evolved from a much hotter, ...
Biochemistry
Apr 4, 2011
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Proteins are critically important to life and the human body. They are also among the most complex molecules in nature, and there is much we still don't know or understand about them.
Biochemistry
Apr 6, 2011
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University of Groningen chemists have created a new enzyme with an unnatural amino acid as its active centre. They made the enzyme by modifying an antibiotic binding protein which normally acts as a bacterial transcription ...
Biochemistry
Jul 2, 2018
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79
The protein LIMP-2 is vital for both humans and animals. If it is absent – due, for example, to a hereditary disease – substances of an unknown nature, probably lipids, accumulate in the organism. Up to now, scientists ...
Cell & Microbiology
Oct 28, 2013
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Compartmentalization is one of the main strategies by which nature allows for control over many biological processes. For the proper functioning of living cells, organelles, small compartments within the cell, are essential. ...
Bio & Medicine
Apr 7, 2022
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49
Every cell lining the small intestine bristles with thousands of tightly packed microvilli that project into the gut lumen, forming a brush border that absorbs nutrients and protects the body from intestinal bacteria. In ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jun 29, 2009
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