'Walking molecules" haul away damaged DNA to the cell's emergency room
The cell has its own paramedic team and emergency room to aid and repair damaged DNA, a new USC Dornsife study reveals.
The cell has its own paramedic team and emergency room to aid and repair damaged DNA, a new USC Dornsife study reveals.
Biotechnology
Jun 20, 2018
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Scientists have found a new function of the nuclear membrane, the envelope that encases and protects DNA in the nucleus of a cell - it fixes potentially fatal breaks in DNA strands.
Cell & Microbiology
Oct 29, 2015
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Nocturnal and diurnal mammals see the sameābut only for a brief time. When mice are born, the chromatin in the cells of their eyes has a diurnal structure. Day by day, the layout of this chromatin slowly inverts, allowing ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Sep 11, 2019
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Researchers from Case Western Reserve University have identified a new mechanism by which a protein known for repairing damaged DNA also protects the integrity of DNA by preserving its structural shape.
Molecular & Computational biology
Jan 18, 2022
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Researchers used single-molecule imaging to compare the genome-editing tools CRISPR-Cas9 and TALEN. Their experiments revealed that TALEN is up to five times more efficient than CRISPR-Cas9 in parts of the genome, called ...
Biotechnology
Jan 27, 2021
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An LMU team has uncovered a new role for the protein Atrx, which is involved in various aspects of gene expression. The new work shows that the protein is also involved in silencing endogenous retroviral genomes integrated ...
Cell & Microbiology
May 27, 2015
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Almost 50 percent of our genome is made up of highly repetitive DNA, which makes it very difficult to be analysed. In fact, repeats are discarded in most genome-wide studies and thus, insights into this part of the genome ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jul 29, 2014
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The protein complex responsible for the distribution of chromosomes during cell division is assembled in the transition regions between heterochromatin and euchromatin.
Cell & Microbiology
Jul 5, 2011
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Spatial separation of active from inactive fractions of the genome in the cell nucleus is crucial for gene expression control. A new study uncovers leading mechanisms of such separation and turns our picture of the nucleus ...
Evolution
Jun 6, 2019
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153
(PhysOrg.com) -- Researchers at the RIKEN Plant Science Center (PSC) have clarified a key epigenetic mechanism by which an enzyme in the model plant Arabidopsis protects cells from harmful DNA elements. Published in the April ...
Biotechnology
May 12, 2011
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Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA, which comes in different varieties. These varieties lie on a continuum between the two extremes of constitutive and facultative heterochromatin. Both play a role in the expression of genes, where constitutive heterochromatin can affect the genes near them (position-effect variegation) and where facultative heterochromatin is the result of genes that are silenced through a mechanism such as histone methylation or siRNA through RNAi. Constitutive heterochromatin is usually repetitive and forms structural functions such as centromeres or telomeres, in addition to acting as an attractor for other gene-expression or repression signals. Facultative heterochromatin is not repetitive and although it shares the compact structure of constitutive heterochromatin, facultative heterochromatin can, under specific developmental or environmental signaling cues, lose its condensed structure and become transcriptionally active. Heterochromatin is often associated with the di and tri-methylation of H3K9.
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