DNA repair mechanism further elucidated in cryo-electron microscopy experiment
Researchers have discovered how the protein XPD detects severe DNA damage and controls its repair.
Researchers have discovered how the protein XPD detects severe DNA damage and controls its repair.
Molecular & Computational biology
May 28, 2024
0
39
The awe-inspiring process of cell division can turn a fertilized egg into a baby—or a cancerous cell into a malignant tumor. With so much at stake, nature keeps it tightly controlled in a process called the cell cycle that ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jun 6, 2024
0
22
New research by EMBL scientists shows how different modes of cell division used by animals and fungi might have evolved to support diverse life cycles.
Evolution
May 22, 2024
0
6
Some cancer drugs cause severe side effects because they are not working accurately enough. A team at the University of Würzburg led by biochemist Caroline Kisker has now discovered why.
Biochemistry
Jun 6, 2024
0
5
Cell division produces new cells, which underpin life proliferation and development. Mitosis is the shortest and the most dynamic phase of the cell cycle. During mitosis, chromosomes are evenly distributed between the two ...
Cell & Microbiology
May 24, 2024
0
36
Several million cells divide every second in our bodies. During nuclear division (mitosis), the genetic material must be distributed correctly and completely between the daughter cells—errors in this process can lead to ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jun 4, 2024
0
10
Having extra chromosomes is typically an issue for an organism and can disrupt development or cause disease. But some cells benefit instead. For example, cancer cells or pathogenic yeasts can use extra chromosomes to escape ...
Cell & Microbiology
May 22, 2024
0
13
Cell division is a process by which a cell, called the parent cell, divides into two or more cells, called daughter cells. Cell division is usually a small segment of a larger cell cycle. This type of cell division in eukaryotes is known as mitosis, and leaves the daughter cell capable of dividing again. The corresponding sort of cell division in prokaryotes is known as binary fission. In another type of cell division present only in eukaryotes, called meiosis, a cell is permanently transformed into a gamete and cannot divide again until fertilization. For simple unicellular organisms such as the amoeba, one cell division is equivalent to reproduction-- an entire new organism is created. On a larger scale, mitotic cell division can create progeny from multicellular organisms, such as plants that grow from cuttings. Cell division also enables sexually reproducing organisms to develop from the one-celled zygote, which itself was produced by cell division from gametes. And after growth, cell division allows for continual construction and repair of the organism. A human being's body experiences about 10,000 trillion cell divisions in a lifetime.
The primary concern of cell division is the maintenance of the original cell's genome. Before division can occur, the genomic information which is stored in chromosomes must be replicated, and the duplicated genome separated cleanly between cells. A great deal of cellular infrastructure is involved in keeping genomic information consistent between "generations".
This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA