Proteins are among the most important molecular building blocks of life. They themselves are built from amino acids linked together based on the information in our genetic material. In this process, the genetic code is translated ...
Cell & Microbiology
Aug 28, 2024
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95
Cell division produces new cells, which underpin life proliferation and development. Mitosis is the shortest and the most dynamic phase of the cell cycle. During mitosis, chromosomes are evenly distributed between the two ...
Cell & Microbiology
May 24, 2024
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36
Chromatin is a unique DNA and protein complex that makes up the chromosomes. Specific proteins (histones) wind up the DNA like small cable drums to package the long DNA. A cable drum (consisting of four pairs of histones) ...
Plants & Animals
Feb 23, 2024
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58
Synthetic biology offers the opportunity to build biochemical pathways for the capture and conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2). Researchers at the Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology have developed a synthetic ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jan 2, 2024
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249
The "read–write" mechanism by which cells replicate and use chemical instructions for expressing genes has been uncovered by RIKEN researchers. The quality and quantity of gene expression correlates not only with instructions ...
Cell & Microbiology
Nov 7, 2023
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69
Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of gram-negative bacteria that conduct plant-like oxygenic photosynthesis and are thought to be the evolutionary ancestors of chloroplasts in higher plants. Lysine acetylation is an important ...
Cell & Microbiology
Nov 7, 2023
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1
Researchers from the University of Bergen (UiB) have uncovered that proteins use a common chemical label as a shield to protect them from degradation, which in turn affects motility and aging.
Cell & Microbiology
Oct 27, 2023
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199
The intricate control of cellular metabolism relies on the coordinated and harmonious interplay between the nucleus and mitochondria. On the one hand, mitochondria are the hub for the production of essential metabolites, ...
Cell & Microbiology
Oct 9, 2023
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37
Prof. Wang Sibao from Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and his colleagues have revealed that quorum sensing-activated phenylalanine metabolism drives outer membrane vesicles ...
Cell & Microbiology
Sep 27, 2023
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1
The phenomenon of chemically synthesized life in extreme deep-sea environment is an international research hotspot in deep-sea science and life science. However, due to the extremely low concentration of organic macromolecules ...
Optics & Photonics
Mar 21, 2023
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26
Acetylation (or in IUPAC nomenclature ethanoylation) describes a reaction that introduces an acetyl functional group into a chemical compound. (Deacetylation is the removal of the acetyl group.)
Specifically, acetylation refers to that process of introducing an acetyl group (resulting in an acetoxy group) into a compound, to be specific, the substitution of an acetyl group for an active hydrogen atom. A reaction involving the replacement of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group with an acetyl group (CH3 CO) yields a specific ester, the acetate. Acetic anhydride is commonly used as an acetylating agent reacting with free hydroxyl groups. For example, it is used in the synthesis of aspirin and heroin.
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