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Testing space-based marine plastic detection in an ocean wave facility
Could satellites be able to help track and map the marine plastic waste befouling our oceans? Research teams from across Europe returned to an ocean-wave test facility at Deltares research institute in the Netherlands to try and detect floating plastic. Harnessing a suite of microwave and optical instruments, the researchers are assessing if orbital monitoring of plastic might be practical in the future. Credit: ESA-P. de Maagt
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Could satellites be able to help track and map the marine plastic waste befouling our oceans? Research teams from across Europe returned to an ocean-wave test facility at Deltares research institute in the Netherlands to try and detect floating plastic. Harnessing a suite of microwave and optical instruments, the researchers are assessing if orbital monitoring of plastic might be practical in the future. Credit: ESA-P. de Maagt
Could satellites be able to help track and map the marine plastic waste befouling our oceans? Research teams from across Europe returned to a Netherlands-based ocean wave test facility to try and detect floating plastic. Using a suite of microwave and optical instruments, the researchers are assessing if orbital monitoring of plastic might be practical in the future.
"What we can say is that some of our instruments do detect increases in signal levels when marine plastic waste is present compared to when it isn't," explains ESA antenna engineer Peter de Maagt, overseeing the campaign.
"This result represents a proof of concept that this approach is definitely worth further investigating. This is much more than I hoped for when we first began testing last year, but we've gone through a steep learning curve during our work here.
"At the same time we can't say for sure if we are detecting the plastic directly, or the signals are due to some related factor, such as indentations in the water surface caused by the floating plastic, or small ripples. What needs to come next is follow-up testing in the actual marine environment, using aircraft or drones, and if that goes well then eventually an experimental space mission."
The best estimate is that an average 10 million tons of plastic enter the ocean annually—equivalent to a fresh truckload of plastic dumped every minute—but researchers only know what happens to about 1% of it. Satellite monitoring might in future help track its extent, and see where it goes, if such a technique can be proven to work in practice.
Marine litter detection based on satellite remote sensing is becoming a reality but the current state of the art is not mature. An idea proposed through ESA's Open Space Innovation Platform (OSIP) has been implemented into a research study that will use the expertise in artificial intelligence solutions based on space technology to simulate and perform a plastic concentration forecast which would then be studied with more details thanks to the multispectral data from the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission. Credit: ESA / Deep Blue Globe
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Marine litter detection based on satellite remote sensing is becoming a reality but the current state of the art is not mature. An idea proposed through ESA's Open Space Innovation Platform (OSIP) has been implemented into a research study that will use the expertise in artificial intelligence solutions based on space technology to simulate and perform a plastic concentration forecast which would then be studied with more details thanks to the multispectral data from the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission. Credit: ESA / Deep Blue Globe
Could satellites be able to help track and map the marine plastic waste befouling our oceans? Research teams from across Europe returned to an ocean-wave test facility at Deltares research institute in the Netherlands to try and detect floating plastic. Harnessing a suite of microwave and optical instruments, the researchers are assessing if orbital monitoring of plastic might be practical in the future. Credit: Deltares
ESA's marine plastics detection test campaign took place at the Deltares research institute in Delft in the Netherlands, inside its mammoth Atlantic Basin Facility. This one of a kind facility – 75 m long 9 m wide, half the size of an Olympic swimming pool – employs wave generators to recreate realistic deep ocean waves. Credit: Deltares
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ESA's marine plastics detection test campaign took place at the Deltares research institute in Delft in the Netherlands, inside its mammoth Atlantic Basin Facility. This one of a kind facility – 75 m long 9 m wide, half the size of an Olympic swimming pool – employs wave generators to recreate realistic deep ocean waves. Credit: Deltares
ESA is exploring how satellites can help detect and reduce plastic pollution in the ocean. From spotting build-ups of marine litter to tracking ocean currents, satellites could be game-changing in tackling this enormous environmental problem. This image is a still from a video that the Discovery & Preparation elements of ESA’s Basic Activities has produced on this topic. Though engaging for children and adults alike, this video is designed with primary school students in mind. In particular, teachers can use it to introduce the topic of marine litter in subjects such as geography and science. A Dutch version will be available very soon. Credit: ESA/Science Office
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ESA is exploring how satellites can help detect and reduce plastic pollution in the ocean. From spotting build-ups of marine litter to tracking ocean currents, satellites could be game-changing in tackling this enormous environmental problem. This image is a still from a video that the Discovery & Preparation elements of ESA’s Basic Activities has produced on this topic. Though engaging for children and adults alike, this video is designed with primary school students in mind. In particular, teachers can use it to introduce the topic of marine litter in subjects such as geography and science. A Dutch version will be available very soon. Credit: ESA/Science Office
The test campaign took place at the Deltares research institute in Delft in the Netherlands, inside its mammoth Atlantic Basin Facility. This one of a kind facility—75 m long 9 m wide, half the size of an Olympic swimming pool—employs wave generators to recreate realistic deep ocean waves.
"We use the Atlantic Basin Facility to simulate the deep ocean environment as realistically as we can for these experiments," explains Deltares flow expert Anton de Fockert. "Normally we use this test facility to tackle the kind of hydraulic problems that cannot be solved using computer models. This includes, for example, testing bed protection for offshore wind farms and tidal energy converters as well as hydraulic structures.
"From my perspective this current test campaign is unique, because it involves so many different groups with varied expertise, from ocean waves to microwaves, optics to plastic waste—as well as space. It's a follow-on from the previous test campaign we ran last year, except this time we're using smaller amounts of plastics, to try and quantify detection thresholds and trying out some new monitoring approaches."