News tagged with risk factors
Study shows soy protein alleviates symptoms of fatty liver disease
University of Illinois researchers report this week that new research shows how soy protein could significantly reduce fat accumulation and triglycerides in the livers of obese patients by partially restoring the function ...
Apr 23, 2012 |
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Blood on the menu: New research could make it easier to grow health-promoting blood oranges
For the red pigmentation to develop, blood oranges normally require a period of cold as they ripen. The only place to reliably grow them on a commercial scale is in the Sicilian area of Italy around Mount ...
Mar 13, 2012 |
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More efforts needed to address motor vehicle deaths among American Indians and Alaska Natives
More research and programs are needed to address the elevated rate of motor vehicle-related deaths among American Indian and Alaska Native populations, according to new research from the Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research ...
Other Sciences / Social Sciences
Jan 30, 2012 |
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New standard for vitamin D testing to ensure accurate test results
At a time of increasing concern about low vitamin D levels in the world's population and increased use of blood tests for the vitamin, scientists are reporting development of a much-needed reference material ...
Chemistry / Analytical Chemistry
Jan 25, 2012 |
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Discovery in Africa gives insight for Australian Hendra virus outbreaks
A new study on African bats provides a vital clue for unravelling the mysteries in Australia's battle with the deadly Hendra virus.
Jan 12, 2012 |
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New findings about Saprolegnia infections in Norwegian salmon hatcheries
Infections caused by oomycetes (or water moulds) of the Saprolegnia family reappeared as a loss factor in the fish farming industry after the dye malachite green was prohibited for use as a water treatment ...
Dec 13, 2011 |
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Study discovers how cancer-causing bacterium spurs cell death
Researchers report they have figured out how the cancer-causing bacterium Helicobacter pylori attacks a cell's energy infrastructure, sparking a series of events in the cell that ultimately lead it to sel ...
Nov 01, 2011 |
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Risk factor
A risk factor is a variable associated with an increased risk of disease or infection. Risk factors are correlational and not necessarily causal, because correlation does not imply causation. For example, being young cannot be said to cause measles, but young people are more at risk as they are less likely to have developed immunity during a previous epidemic.
Risk factors are evaluated by comparing the risk of those exposed to the potential risk factor to those not exposed. Let's say that at a wedding, 74 people ate the chicken and 22 of them were ill, while of the 35 people who had the fish or vegetarian meal only 2 were ill. Did the chicken make the people ill?
So the chicken eaters' risk = 22/74 = 0.297 And non-chicken eaters' risk = 2/35 = 0.057.
Those who ate the chicken had a risk over five times as high as those who did not, suggesting that eating chicken was the cause of the illness. Note, however, that this is not proof. Statistical methods would be used in a less clear cut case to decide what level of risk the risk factor would have to present to be able to say the risk factor is linked to the disease (for example in a study of the link between smoking and lung cancer). Even then, no amount of statistical analysis could prove that the risk factor causes the disease; this could only be proven using direct methods such as a medical explanation of the disease's roots.
The earliest use of risk factor analysis dates back to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine (1020s), though the term "risk factor" was first coined by heart researcher Dr. Thomas R. Dawber in a landmark scientific paper in 1961, where he attributed heart disease to specific conditions (blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking).
For more information about Risk factor, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
