Artificial intelligence algorithms are quickly becoming a part of everyday life. Many systems that require strong security are either already underpinned by machine learning or soon will be. These systems include facial recognition, ...
Quantum Physics
May 28, 2023
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65
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have attracted much attention because of high conversion efficiency, low environmental pollution, and high specific energy, which can be widely used in vehicles such as automobiles, ...
Analytical Chemistry
May 26, 2023
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5
Excitations in solids can also be represented mathematically as quasiparticles; for example, lattice vibrations that increase with temperature can be well described as phonons. Mathematically, also quasiparticles can be described ...
Condensed Matter
May 26, 2023
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621
Using a high-speed "electron camera" at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and cutting-edge quantum simulations, scientists have directly imaged a photochemical "transition state," a specific ...
Analytical Chemistry
May 26, 2023
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194
Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science and collaborators have succeeded in creating a "superlattice" of semiconductor quantum dots that can behave like a metal, potentially imparting exciting new properties ...
Condensed Matter
May 26, 2023
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66
Scientists in Finland have developed a nanodevice that can measure the absolute power of microwave radiation down to the femtowatt level at ultra-low temperatures—a scale trillion times lower than routinely used in verifiable ...
Quantum Physics
May 25, 2023
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577
Despite their immense promise to solve new kinds of problems, today's quantum computers are inherently prone to error. A small perturbation in their surrounding environment— a change in temperature, pressure, or magnetic ...
Quantum Physics
May 25, 2023
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118
Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity describes how the fabric of space and time, or spacetime, is curved in response to mass. Our sun, for example, warps space around us such that planet Earth rolls around the sun ...
Astronomy
May 25, 2023
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439
Light is a key carrier of information. It enables high-speed data transmission around the world via fiber-optic telecommunication networks. This information-carrying capability can be extended to transmitting quantum information ...
Optics & Photonics
May 25, 2023
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25
Scientists have made a significant advancement with quantum technologies that could transform complex systems modeling with an accurate and effective approach that requires significantly reduced memory.
General Physics
May 25, 2023
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102
In physics, a quantum (plural: quanta) is an indivisible entity of a quantity that has the same units as the Planck constant and is related to both energy and momentum of elementary particles of matter (called fermions) and of photons and other bosons. The word comes from the Latin "quantus", for "how much." Behind this, one finds the fundamental notion that a physical property may be "quantized", referred to as "quantization". This means that the magnitude can take on only certain discrete numerical values, rather than any value, at least within a range. There is a related term of quantum number.
A photon is often referred to as a "light quantum". The energy of an electron bound to an atom (at rest) is said to be quantized, which results in the stability of atoms, and of matter in general. But these terms can be a little misleading, because what is quantized is this Planck's constant quantity whose units can be viewed as either energy multiplied by time or momentum multiplied by distance.
Usually referred to as quantum "mechanics", it is regarded by virtually every professional physicist as the most fundamental framework we have for understanding and describing nature at the infinitesimal level, for the very practical reason that it works. It is "in the nature of things", not a more or less arbitrary human preference.
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