As plasma circulates in a fusion device, the surface of the device that faces the plasma erodes. This releases particles of surface material. Most erosion occurs through a process called sputtering, where a particle strikes ...
Plasma Physics
Feb 3, 2023
1
3
Cells and tissues rely on the circulation of red blood cells (RBCs) for oxygen supply. Two-photon (2P) microscopy is a reference technique for measuring RBC microcirculation and blood oxygenation using exogenous phosphorescent ...
Optics & Photonics
Feb 2, 2023
0
2
New developments for achieving structural coloring through plasma irradiation of graphite can reduce the reliance upon harmful color dyes. Colors achieved by plasma irradiation are completely erasable and can be manipulated ...
Analytical Chemistry
Feb 1, 2023
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143
Treating cancer with combinations of drugs can be more effective than using a single drug. However, figuring out the optimal combination of drugs, and making sure that all of the drugs reach the right place, can be challenging.
Bio & Medicine
Jan 26, 2023
0
36
It has been believed that Hall thrusters, an efficient kind of electric propulsion widely used in orbit, must be large to produce a lot of thrust. Now, a new study from the University of Michigan suggests that smaller Hall ...
Space Exploration
Jan 24, 2023
4
3819
Solar flares and other types of space weather can wreak havoc with spaceflight and with telecommunications and other types of satellites orbiting Earth. But to date, scientists' ability to research ways to overcome that challenge ...
General Physics
Jan 23, 2023
1
202
Scientists have advanced in discovering how to use ripples in space-time known as gravitational waves to peer back to the beginning of everything we know. The researchers say they can better understand the state of the cosmos ...
General Physics
Jan 20, 2023
51
5296
In a series of three papers on extracellular vesicles (EVs)—particles that cells use to communicate—Skoltech researchers and their colleagues have presented two methods for extracting EVs from blood samples for diagnosing ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jan 19, 2023
0
8
Given the choice of three different "spin" orientations, certain particles emerging from collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), an atom smasher at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National ...
General Physics
Jan 18, 2023
10
168
Plasma is matter that is so hot that the electrons are separated from atoms. The electrons float freely and the atoms become ions. This creates an ionized gas—plasma—that makes up nearly all of the visible universe. Recent ...
Plasma Physics
Jan 17, 2023
2
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