Astrobiology
Giant meteorite impact 3.26 billion years ago may have aided early life
Billions of years ago, long before anything resembling life as we know it existed, meteorites frequently pummeled the planet. One such space rock crashed down about 3.26 billion years ago, and even today, it's revealing secrets ...
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Environment
Understanding the relationship between food waste, climate change and an aging population
Producing food and getting it to people's plates entails a significant expenditure of energy and resources. Unfortunately, approximately one third of all food produced globally is not consumed and discarded. Hence, to build ...
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How plants compete for light: Researchers discover new mechanism in shade avoidance
Plants that are close together do everything they can to intercept light. This "shade avoidance" response has been extensively researched. It is therefore even more remarkable that researchers from the laboratory of Molecular ...
Plants & Animals
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Modeling experiments show weather-changing El Niño oscillation is at least 250 million years old
The El Niño event, a huge blob of warm ocean water in the tropical Pacific Ocean that can change rainfall patterns around the globe, isn't just a modern phenomenon.
Earth Sciences
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Docudrama can lead to more empathy toward people who are stigmatized in society, study finds
A new study has found that after watching a docudrama about the efforts to free a wrongly convicted prisoner on death row, people were more empathetic toward formerly incarcerated people and supportive of criminal justice ...
Social Sciences
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Evolution in action: How ethnic Tibetan women thrive in thin oxygen at high altitudes
Breathing thin air at extreme altitudes presents a significant challenge—there's simply less oxygen with every lungful. Yet, for more than 10,000 years, Tibetan women living on the high Tibetan Plateau have not only survived ...
Evolution
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Snake research reveals insights into human intestinal regeneration
All animals possess some capacity for repairing and replacing the lining of their intestines, a process called intestinal regeneration. In mammals, including humans, this constant but relatively minor turnover of cells helps ...
Medical research
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Falling for it: A micro-scale look at how parachute fibers act under stress
Parachutes have many applications, decelerating everything from skydivers to supersonic-speed scientific payloads. Regardless of what a parachute is slowing down, two things remain constant: the parachute must withstand large ...
Engineering
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How vitamin D deficiency can lead to autoimmune diseases
As Canadians brace for "vitamin D winter"—months when the sun's angle is too low to produce the vitamin in the skin—a McGill University study explains why vitamin D deficiency early in life is associated with a higher ...
Health
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Re-engineered, blue light-activated immune cells penetrate and kill solid tumors
Immunotherapies that mobilize a patient's own immune system to fight cancer have become a treatment pillar. These therapies, including CAR T-cell therapy, have performed well in cancers like leukemias and lymphomas, but the ...
Oncology & Cancer
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The Future is Interdisciplinary
Find out how ACS can accelerate your research to keep up with the discoveries that are pushing us into science’s next frontier
Medical Xpress
US infant mortality increased 7% in months following Dobbs, national analysis finds
Systemic inflammation may play a role in how air pollution contributes to cognitive impairment
Vaginal mesh scandal: New evidence reveals further failings
How you interact with your kid could shape how they play with their peers
Snake research reveals insights into human intestinal regeneration
Moving beyond the DSM: Data-driven approach could reshape mental health treatment
Scan based on lizard saliva detects rare tumor
Three-country study provides insights into oral HPV incidence and risks in men
Study reveals how fear memories transform over time, offering new insights into PTSD
Study reveals new role for inflammatory protein in fat tissue
Tech Xplore
Microsoft introduces autonomous AI agents
User-friendly system makes it easier to verify an AI model's responses
Innovative transistors could make quick-charging electric cars from household power outlets possible
Study finds misinformation about wind farms is widespread
Heterojunction back contact solar cell reaches 27.09% efficiency in tests
Humanizing AI could lead us to dehumanize ourselves
Mercedes opens electric car battery recycling plant
Generative AI can boost innovation—but only when humans are in control
Wondering what AI actually is? Here are the 7 things it can do for you
Stretchable transistors used in wearable devices enable in-sensor edge computing
New algorithm advances graph mining for complex networks
Tech giants go nuclear in AI arms race
Japan shifting back to nuclear to ditch coal, power AI
DeepMind researchers find LLMs can serve as effective mediators
Satellite-derived data on artificial light at night indicate rapidly increasing industrial activities in the Arctic
More than 800,000 km2 of the Arctic were affected by human activity in 2013, according to an analysis of satellite-derived data on artificial light at night. On average, 85% of the light-polluted areas are due to industrial ...
Environment
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Artificial 'nose' can sniff out damaged fruit and spoiled meat
Although smell has historically played an important role in the fight against diseases such as the plague and tuberculosis, the human nose is generally not sensitive enough to be used as a reliable diagnostic tool. However, ...
Analytical Chemistry
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Amorphous nanosheets created using hard-to-synthesize metal oxides and oxyhydroxides
Researchers at Nagoya University in Japan have addressed a significant challenge in nanosheet technology. Their innovative approach employs surfactants to produce amorphous nanosheets from various materials, including difficult-to-synthesize ...
Nanomaterials
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User-friendly system makes it easier to verify an AI model's responses
Despite their impressive capabilities, large language models are far from perfect. These artificial intelligence models sometimes "hallucinate" by generating incorrect or unsupported information in response to a query.
Machine learning & AI
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Short duration voltage application to silicon anodes shows potential for restoring Li-Si battery capacity
A team of engineers, chemists and materials scientists at Stanford University, has found that applying short duration voltage to some types of anodes in Li–Si batteries, can restore some of their capacity. In their paper ...
Accurately weighing costs and benefits of different methods for controlling invasive species
Invasive insect species bring a host of health, social, ecological and economic consequences, including crop damage, food insecurity, biodiversity loss, ecosystem disruption, human disease transmission and rising allergy ...
Ecology
3 hours ago
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Human study provides evidence that theta phase precession supports memory formation and retrieval
Past neuroscience research has pinpointed many of the neural processes through which the human brain forms, stores and retrieves important information, such as domain-specific knowledge and memories. One dimension of human ...
Rare fossils of extinct elephant document the earliest known instance of butchery in India
During the late middle Pleistocene, between 300 and 400 thousand years ago, at least three ancient elephant relatives died near a river in the Kashmir Valley of South Asia. Not long after, they were covered in sediment and ...
Archaeology
3 hours ago
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Ancient viral DNA in the human genome linked to multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
New research from King's College London has revealed a connection between ancient viral DNA embedded in the human genome and the genetic risk for two major diseases that affect the central nervous system.
Genetics
3 hours ago
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Windows kernel defenses aren't enough to stop a lucrative game cheating market, research shows
Hackers commonly bypass Microsoft Windows kernel protections to enable cheating in competitive online games, new research shows. Academics at the University of Birmingham performed a technical analysis of how game cheats ...
Business
3 hours ago
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UN biodiversity summit hears appeals for action, money to save nature
The world's biggest nature protection conference opened in Colombia on Monday with calls for urgent action and financing to reverse humankind's rapacious destruction of biodiversity.
Photosynthesis is under threat in an increasingly warm world, says researcher
The basis of all life on Earth is photosynthesis. So, what happens if it is disrupted? Today, advanced measurement tools can reveal how climate change is affecting plants' ability to process the energy from sunlight.
Customizable immunoassay could enhance diagnostics and on-site assessments
A novel customizable OpenGUS immunoassay that detects analytes quickly and effectively has been developed by scientists from Science Tokyo. With specially designed β-glucuronidase (GUS) probes and optimized reaction conditions, ...
Fear of missing out may be based on concerns about future relationships, especially for those with social anxiety
Worrying about the consequences of missing group activities, especially when they involve social bonding, heightens the "fear of missing out," or FOMO, according to new research from the Cornell SC Johnson College of Business.
Absolute numbers of women matter more than proportion for achieving gender equity in STEM, study argues
A recent study led by Kyushu University, Tokyo Institute of Technology and University of California San Diego has found that focusing only on increasing the proportion of women scholars is not enough to accurately assess ...
Researcher: Election officials are hard at work to deliver fair and secure elections, despite a constant flow of attacks
The 2024 election is rife with controversy, from the politics of the campaigns to the politics surrounding the administration of elections. Accusations of wrongdoing and ineptitude continue to plague election officials, despite ...
Enhancing material microstructure and properties in Arc wire-based direct energy deposition
In recent years, additive manufacturing technology has attracted considerable attention from various stakeholders. Among the different techniques, Arc wire-based direct energy deposition (DED) has experienced a notable increase ...
Researchers use multi-phase composition and electrospinning to fabricate SiOC nanofibers
Rapid advancements in the electronics industry have provided significant convenience for civilian use, but have also contributed to electromagnetic pollution, posing risks to human safety. To meet the diverse requirements ...
What motivates people to take action to prevent crime?
When private citizens disrupt a criminal event or avert a potentially dangerous situation, they are termed guardians, and the concept of guardianship forms the foundation of various crime-prevention strategies. Although guardianship ...
3D structures of biomolecules: 'Dictionaries' make fluorescence-based data accessible
A research team from Germany and the U.S. led by Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (HHU) has developed a data description that can provide results from fluorescence measurements for structural and dynamic modeling of ...
Tracking vampire worms with machine learning
Blood samples of patients infected with a parasitic worm that causes schistosomiasis contain hidden information that marks different stages of the disease. In our recently published research, our team used machine learning ...
Chemoenzymatic approach enhances Stevia sweetness through glycosylation of Rebaudioside C
A research team has revealed that Rebaudioside C (Reb C), a key compound in Stevia extracts, can undergo chemoenzymatic modifications to enhance its sweetness. Researchers used engineered glycosynthases to add glucose and ...
Recognizing the strengths of socioeconomically disadvantaged students could lead to better grades
In a new study, psychologist Christina Bauer from the University of Vienna and her international team show the influence narratives can have on students' self-image and their performance. The scientists presented reverse ...
Q&A: More kids than ever need special education, but burnout has caused a teacher shortage
A growing number of students in public schools—right now, about 15% of them—are eligible for special education services. These services include specially designed instruction for students with autism, learning or physical ...
Wild animals can also experience trauma and adversity: Ecologists create an index to track the effects
Psychologists know that childhood trauma, or the experience of harmful or adverse events, can have lasting repercussions on the health and well-being of people well into adulthood. But while the consequences of early adversity ...
Education and gender equality: Focus on girls isn't fair and isn't enough, say researchers
For the past two decades, investing in girls' schooling has been hailed as a cornerstone of promoting gender equality in sub-Saharan Africa. Between 2016 and 2018, the World Bank Group invested US$3.2 billion in education ...
Poverty in Lagos isn't just about money: Here's why
Lagos is Nigeria's economic powerhouse, but it has some of the worst slums in the country.
'Making insurance effective in the face of climate change may require it to be legally enforced'
Recent hurricanes hitting the Southeastern United States have again robbed people of their homes, businesses and lives. Hurricane Helen, in late September, was followed up last week by Hurricane Milton, collapsing seemingly ...
New research visualizes how fishing communities can change fishing habits to adapt to climate change
In a massive research project spanning five years and stretching the length of the Northeast seaboard, a Wellesley College professor is examining how various fishing communities can change their fishing habits in order to ...
Combining satellite methods provides drought detection from space
Observing sites like the Amazon basin from space has underscored the capability of satellites to better detect signs of drought, according to a new study.
