Defying a 150-year-old rule for phase behavior

Frozen water can take on up to three forms at the same time when it melts: liquid, ice and gas. This principle, which states that many substances can occur in up to three phases simultaneously, was explained 150 years ago ...

Chlorate-rich soil may help us find liquid water on Mars

If liquid water exists on the surface of Mars, it is most likely in the form of a briny mixture with magnesium chlorate salts, according to new experiments based on discoveries previously made by NASA's Phoenix and Viking ...

Scientists update four key fundamental constants

Paving the way for transforming the world's measurement system, an international task force has determined updated values for four fundamental constants of nature. The updated values comprise the last scientific piece of ...

Paving the way for the redefinition of the unit of temperature

At present, the kelvin is literally based on no more than water—on the triple point of water, to be more precise. The base unit of temperature is therefore dependent on a material whose properties may vary. But this is ...