Why synonymous mutations are not always silent

New modeling shows how synonymous mutations—those that change the DNA sequence of a gene but not the sequence of the encoded protein—can still impact protein production and function. A team of researchers led by Penn ...

Tiny sea creature's genes shed light on evolution of immunity

How a tiny marine invertebrate distinguishes its own cells from competitors' bears striking similarities to the human immune system, according to a new study led by University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers.

Heating proteins to understand how genes work

Understanding how genes work and how they interact with one another is a major goal of biology. This poses huge challenges in terms of both methods and the sheer numbers of experiments required. Recent advances have transformed ...

Developing an AI solution to 50-year-old protein challenge

In a major scientific advance, the latest version of DeepMind's AI system AlphaFold has been recognized as a solution to the 50-year-old grand challenge of protein structure prediction, often referred to as the 'protein folding ...

Dual brake on transport protein prevents cells from exploding

A high concentration of salt or sugar in the environment will dehydrate microorganisms and stop them from growing. To counter this, bacteria can increase their internal solute concentration. Scientists from the University ...

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