Enzymes maintain a range of protein sequences and diverse structural forms with activities that far exceed the best chemical catalysts. However, research on engineering them with new and improved features are limited due ...
From 50,000 years to 6,000 years ago, many of the world's largest animals, including such iconic grassland grazers as the woolly mammoth, giant bison, and ancient horses, went extinct. The loss of these grazing species triggered ...
Evolution
Nov 25, 2021
4
1227
Scientists at St Petersburg University together with researchers from St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS) and the Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety of the Russian ...
Biochemistry
Oct 25, 2021
0
21
Leading a double life in water and on land, frogs have many breathing techniques—through the gills, lungs, and skin—over the course of their lifetime. Now German scientists have developed another method that allows tadpoles ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Oct 13, 2021
0
108
About 17 kilometers above the Earth's surface, the first layer of the atmosphere meets the second one. At a boundary called the tropopause, the troposphere ends and the stratosphere begins. Straddling this interface, for ...
Environment
Sep 20, 2021
0
38
Humans acknowledge that personality goes a long way, at least for our species. But scientists have been more hesitant to ascribe personality—defined as consistent behavior over time—to other animals.
Plants & Animals
Sep 10, 2021
2
528
A new analysis of 2.5-billion-year-old rocks from Australia finds that volcanic eruptions may have stimulated population surges of marine microorganisms, creating the first puffs of oxygen into the atmosphere. This would ...
Earth Sciences
Aug 26, 2021
0
1128
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a rare genetic disease usually diagnosed in young boys, gradually weakens muscles across the body until the heart or lungs fail. Symptoms often show up by age 5; as the disease progresses, ...
Biochemistry
Aug 10, 2021
0
680
Big fish are harder to find in areas sprawling with human activity, unless you're looking in no-take marine reserves, according to a new study led by marine scientists at The University of Western Australia.
Plants & Animals
Jul 28, 2021
0
186
A study measuring water concentration in Venus's atmosphere concluded Monday that life as we know it is not possible among the sulphuric acid droplets that make up the planet's famously cloudy skies.
Astronomy
Jun 28, 2021
6
391
