Ranking nanodevice functionality methods

As the demand for nanodevices grows so too does the need to improve the functionality of such devices, which is vulnerable to changes in the charge distribution, energy levels or conformation. Hence the desire to assess the ...

SRM 915c calcium carbonate mass fraction standard

This standard reference material from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) will help calibrate procedures for calcium determinations used in clinical analysis and for routine critical evaluation of the ...

How grasses conquered the sea

About 140 million years ago, some land plants succeeded in adapting to life in the sea. These seagrasses, which today consist of around 60 species, are important members of coastal ecosystems worldwide and provide food and ...

New indicator for oxygen levels in early oceans developed

Oxygen is essential for the development of higher life. However, it was hardly present in the oceans of the young Earth. It was not until the evolution of photosynthetic bacteria that the oceans saw a significant increase ...

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