Environment
Reducing aircraft soot might not actually reduce the climate effects of contrails
Reducing aircraft soot emissions may not reduce contrail clouds, according to in-flight observations of emissions from a passenger jet with modern "lean-burn" engines, reported in Nature. Contrails from aircraft contribute ...
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Archaeology
Thirty previously unpublished verses by Empedocles discovered on a papyrus from Cairo
A 2,000-year-old papyrus fragment, discovered in the archives of the French Institute of Oriental Archaeology in Cairo, reveals 30 previously unpublished verses by Empedocles, a pre-Socratic philosopher of the fifth century ...
34 minutes ago
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Stretching metals can tune catalysis: A new method predicts energy shifts
Heterogeneous catalysis—in which catalysts and reactants are of different phases, e.g., solid and gas—is important to many industrial processes and often involves solid metal as the catalyst. Ammonia synthesis, catalytic ...
Analytical Chemistry
1 hour ago
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High nickel concentrations in Martian bedrock point to potential biosignatures
In 2024, NASA's Perseverance rover found surprising levels of Nickel in the Martian bedrock of an ancient river channel, called Neretva Vallis, which flowed into the Jezero crater. A new study, published in Nature Communications, ...
Chaos shapes how meandering rivers change over time, research shows
Rivers are rarely the calm, orderly streams we imagine on maps. Over time, their winding paths—called meanders—shift, bend, and occasionally snap off in sudden "cutoff" events that shorten loops and reshape the landscape. ...
Earth Sciences
1 hour ago
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Fins, fingers and toes: A new take on repeating body parts and how they come to be
As biologists know, nature can take its sweet time explaining itself. Andrew Gillis, associate scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), has been investigating how the paired fins of fishes evolved for nearly 20 ...
Evolution
1 hour ago
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Gravitational waves suggest a 'forbidden zone' for stellar-origin black holes
An international team led by Monash University has uncovered evidence of a rare form of exploding star, helping to shed light on one of the most cataclysmic events in the universe. At the end of their lives, most massive ...
Astronomy
2 hours ago
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Virus-inspired DNA needle could pave the way for better medicines
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed a microscopic DNA needle that can deliver molecules directly into cells—and, crucially, help make sure they remain active once they get there. That addresses a major problem ...
Bio & Medicine
1 hour ago
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Accuracy test for protein language models shines light into AI 'black box'
AI language models, used to generate human-like text to power chatbots and create content, are also revolutionizing biology by treating complex biological data like a language. Language models are increasingly used, for example, ...
Molecular & Computational biology
3 hours ago
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A stiff defense: Physical rigidity of healthy gum tissue found to shield against chronic periodontal inflammation
Periodontitis is a serious chronic inflammatory form of gum disease that affects millions worldwide. It can lead to tooth loss and the destruction of supporting bone. This disease has also been linked to other health problems, ...
Medical Xpress
1 hour ago
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The Future is Interdisciplinary
Find out how ACS can accelerate your research to keep up with the discoveries that are pushing us into science’s next frontier
Medical Xpress
Tech Xplore
Producing rechargeable batteries using sunflower seed shells as raw material
Photothermal fabric panels could cut heating energy up to 23%
Anthropic releases part of AI tool source code in 'error'
Solar energy could be key to making sustainable aviation fuel
Vibrations in your skull may be your next password
Light bends perovskite crystal lattice, opening way to new devices
Novel interfacial structure achieves highly efficient, stable tandem solar cells
Hidden features in X-rays could radically change how we measure and understand them
Hidden features uncovered in X-ray signals are set to overturn a key scientific theory and fundamentally change how X-rays are interpreted across fields of physics, chemistry, biology and materials science, new research reveals. ...
Optics & Photonics
3 hours ago
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Atomic-level simulations reveal rotational mechanism behind a critical biomolecular motor
The way a key cellular motor works at an atomic level has been uncovered by simulations conducted by RIKEN biophysicists. This finding, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, provides important ...
Cell & Microbiology
3 hours ago
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Superconductivity switched on in material once thought only magnetic
Superconductivity—the ability of a material to conduct electricity without any energy loss to heat—enables highly efficient, ultra-fast electronics essential for advanced technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...
Condensed Matter
3 hours ago
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Therapeutic, nasally delivered DNA vaccine fuses two genes to help fight tuberculosis
In a paper published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, a research team at Johns Hopkins Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health reports developing a therapeutic intranasal (nose-delivered) ...
Medical Xpress
3 hours ago
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Unexplained sky flashes from the 1950s: Independent analysis supports their existence
Historical observations from an observatory in Germany have now independently verified evidence for brief, mysterious flashes of light in the night sky, first picked up by an American astronomical survey in the 1950s. Through ...
New model shows how behavioral flexibility affects animal evolution
When the environment changes dramatically, animals from mollusks to crows can make big changes in their behavior that enable them to survive. For example, marmots and ground squirrels in California are spending more time ...
Evolution
1 hour ago
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Helical liquid crystals can flip light's chirality under ultralow electric fields
The direction in which the electromagnetic field of circularly polarized light rotates can be easily reversed by applying a voltage, RIKEN researchers have demonstrated. This could enable a new generation of optical devices ...
Condensed Matter
3 hours ago
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Why subduction zones act as the Earth's 'gold kitchens'
Earth's "gold kitchen" lies deep beneath the seafloor. Island arcs, whose volcanoes form above subduction zones where one oceanic plate sinks beneath another, are often particularly rich in gold. The reasons for this have ...
Earth Sciences
3 hours ago
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Precision work prior to cell division: How enzymes optimize DNA structure
Before a cell can divide, it has to precisely duplicate its entire genetic information. However, the DNA in the cell exists as part of a DNA-protein complex known as chromatin. For this purpose, the DNA is wrapped around ...
Cell & Microbiology
2 hours ago
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Free software lets laptops simulate how aging evolves under selection
Why do some species live for only weeks while others survive for centuries? Researchers at the Leibniz Institute on Aging—Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) in Jena have developed AEGIS, a freely available software tool that enables ...
Evolution
4 hours ago
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Study suggests people are losing 338 spoken words every year and have been for at least 15 years
In a society increasingly shaped by self-checkouts, GPS navigation and touchscreen ordering kiosks, new research shows face-to-face conversation may be quietly fading. A new study published in Perspectives on Psychological ...
World's largest quantum circuit simulation for quantum chemistry achieved on 1,024 GPUs
A joint research team between the Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology (QIQB) at The University of Osaka and Fixstars Corporation has demonstrated one of the world's largest classical simulations of iterative ...
Study finds some dark web users share traits with those involved in crime
The dark web is sometimes seen as a shadowy part of the internet, but it also has legitimate uses, including accessing censored information and sharing files securely. Its anonymity and privacy features, however, can make ...
Aquaculture is shifting toward less sustainable species, study says
While aquaculture has grown rapidly to meet global seafood demand, it is increasingly relying on species that are less beneficial for food security, climate mitigation, and biodiversity, said a new study from researchers ...
A global butterfly index could advance insect conservation worldwide
About 70% of the species on Earth are insects. They are fundamental components of most ecosystems: they comprise half of the biomass on the planet, pollinate flowers, decompose dead organic matter and play multiple roles ...
Why some predators thrive near people: A Kenya hyena study highlights tolerance
Human–wildlife coexistence is often far from straightforward, with predators particularly hard hit: their numbers tend to fall sharply in areas close to human settlements, fields and pastureland. This is not, however, a simple ...
Q&A: What to know about NASA's first crewed moon landing since 1972
Artemis II, NASA's first crewed mission to the moon in more than 50 years, represents a shift from short visits toward sustained exploration, where understanding lunar geology and resources becomes as important as the engineering ...
Queen bumblebees can breathe underwater for days. We discovered how
In most bumblebee species, the queens spend their winters buried underground in a tiny cavity the size of a grape. For six to nine months, they enter a deep sleep-like state called diapause, waiting for spring.
What's driving Salt Lake City's downward emissions trends?
Emissions of two major pollutants have steadily decreased on Salt Lake City roads over the past two decades, while levels of carbon dioxide emissions, a related gas blamed for climate change, remained steady, according to ...
Book explores small talk and big silence in evangelical communities
In a new book, University of Mississippi sociologist Amy McDowell says small talk can be used as a tool to block meaningful conversation in the evangelical church, leaving some people feeling isolated in their beliefs that ...
Social roles are neither predetermined nor set in stone, study in mice suggests
In animal societies as in human ones, some individuals regularly produce resources while others appropriate them. Contrary to what evolutionary theories had previously suggested, these social roles do not depend solely on ...
Study suggests platforms invite third-party analytics to raise seller prices
As artificial intelligence and data-driven analytics rapidly transform online retail, a surprising dynamic is emerging: some e-commerce platforms deliberately allow third-party analytics tools to scrape or access marketplace ...
Inclusive schools see fewer young people drop out and become 'NEET'
More inclusive secondary schools see fewer students dropping out of education and becoming "not in education, employment or training" (NEET), according to new research from Leeds academics. Schools that are considered more ...
Only one-quarter of Colombia's protected areas effectively protect freshwater fishes, researchers find
Only 25% of newly-delineated priority areas identified for the protection of freshwater fishes in Colombia overlap with existing protected areas, according to a recent study published in Diversity and Distributions by the ...
SpaceX files to go public, paving way for record stock offering
Elon Musk's SpaceX has filed papers with US regulators that set the stage for what could be the largest-ever public stock offering, a source familiar with the matter told AFP on Wednesday.
Social media enables mapping of public perceptions of redlining across the U.S.
A new study from The University of New Mexico offers a nationwide look at how Americans discuss one of the most enduring forms of housing discrimination—redlining—using more than a decade of social media data. The study is ...
AI could erode human capital, thinking and expertise in the workplace, study warns
HR and people managers should proceed with caution if they want to use AI to improve efficiency and human capital in the workplace, and should take steps to ensure creativity and critical thinking are preserved, new research ...
Artemis II space launch 'politically important' in new era of space competition, expert says
Astrophiles are eagerly awaiting the launch of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Artemis II on Wednesday, which is set to be the most powerful rocket launch on record and will send human beings back toward ...
What it takes to keep astronauts safe in deep space
The Artemis II mission launches this week as a first step toward returning to the moon and reaching Mars. Materials scientist Debbie Senesky explains the material tech that makes these missions possible.
5 reasons why the Artemis II mission is a big deal
The Artemis II mission, scheduled to launch on Wednesday, will send four astronauts on a 10-day journey from Earth around the moon—the first time humans will travel that far into space since 1972. While the crew will not ...
