Artificial neural networks, as physical systems, are implemented through hardware substrates that realize interconnected processing units and weighted connections using electronic, optical, or neuromorphic architectures. In conventional digital hardware, they are instantiated as configurations of logic gates, memory arrays, and interconnects on CPUs, GPUs, or specialized accelerators (e.g., TPUs), where weights reside in volatile or non-volatile memory and computation is executed via parallel multiply-accumulate operations. Emerging neuromorphic and analog implementations encode synaptic weights in device conductances (e.g., memristors, phase-change materials) and exploit device physics for in-memory computation, enabling high spatiotemporal parallelism, low-latency signal propagation, and energy-efficient approximation of neural operations in a physically embedded network topology.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are loop-shaped molecules that can influence gene regulation through interactions with microRNAs (miRNAs). This matters because circRNAs can exist as different full-length isoforms, and their back-splice ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Oct 22, 2026
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10
The writer Malcolm Gladwell popularized the term "tipping points" to refer to the moment when a trend or social behavior crosses a threshold and rapidly spreads everywhere. In physics, tipping points occur when systems—say, ...
Earth Sciences
Oct 16, 2026
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Researchers at Cardiff University have presented two studies at the 2026 International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2026) that address fundamental challenges in modern AI: understanding the complex geometry and relationships ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Sep 1, 2026
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10
Researchers at Constructor University and Constructor Labs have developed BiteNetI, a deep-learning model that locates the binding sites of 14 biologically important ion types directly in three-dimensional protein structures. ...
Biotechnology
Sep 1, 2026
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14
On hearing the first cuckoo of spring, the poet's heart might sing, and while one swallow does not make a summer, the annual migrations of bird species across continents have fascinated us for centuries. Today, however, technology ...
Plants & Animals
Aug 31, 2026
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10
A hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) system modeled on grasshopper behavior could help allocate medical resources, transport and power during an urban emergency, according to research in the International Journal of Environmental ...
Environment
Aug 18, 2026
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6
How does the brain learn? Does it acquire new knowledge by creating new neural pathways or by strengthening existing connections? A new study from Bar-Ilan University offers evidence in favor of the latter, suggesting that ...
General Physics
Jul 30, 2026
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Neural networks have transformed how machines find patterns in data, from recognizing faces in photos to predicting the shapes of proteins. So far, all of this progress has been made on ordinary classical computers, but with ...
Researchers have demonstrated a novel AI model that can predict which DNA molecules bind with other DNA molecules. A more thorough understanding of these hypercomplex binding relationships has utility in applications ranging ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Jul 14, 2026
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8
McGill University researchers have developed a light-detecting nanoscale structure that mimics how a neuron processes information. The neuron-like behavior emerges from the materials themselves, reducing the energy demand ...
Bio & Medicine
Jun 25, 2026
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