News tagged with hepatitis b
Shared equipment can lead to hepatitis B outbreaks
Patient-to-patient transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) can occur as the result of routine clinical practices incorrectly thought to be risk-free. A review of 33 HBV outbreaks, published in the open access journal BMC Me ...
Medicine & Health / Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Apr 09, 2009 |
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Vaccine to prevent colon cancer being tested in patients
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have begun testing a vaccine that might be able to prevent colon cancer in people at high risk for developing the disease. If shown to be effective, it might ...
Mar 19, 2009 |
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Paleovirology expanded: Non-retroviral virus fragments found in animal genomes
Understanding the evolution of life-threatening viruses like influenza, Ebola and dengue fever, could help us to minimize their impact. New research points the way to a fossil record of viruses that have insinuated themselves ...
Nov 18, 2010 |
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Researchers find 19 million-year-old genomic fossils of hepatitis B-like viruses in songbirds
(PhysOrg.com) -- Biologists from The University of Texas at Arlington have uncovered virus fragments from the same family as the modern Hepatitis B virus locked inside the genomes of songbirds such as the modern-day zebra ...
Sep 28, 2010 |
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The mouse with a human liver: A new model for the treatment of liver disease
How do you study-and try to cure in the laboratory-an infection that only humans can get? A team led by Salk Institute researchers does it by generating a mouse with an almost completely human liver. This ...
Medicine & Health / Medical research
Feb 22, 2010 |
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Trigger of deadly food toxin discovered
(PhysOrg.com) -- A toxin produced by mold on nuts and grains can cause liver cancer if consumed in large quantities. UC Irvine researchers for the first time have discovered what triggers the toxin to form, ...
Oct 21, 2009 |
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Study: Tanning beds definitely cause cancer
(AP) -- International cancer experts have moved tanning beds and ultraviolet radiation into the top cancer risk category, deeming both to be as deadly as arsenic and mustard gas. For years, scientists have ...
Jul 28, 2009 |
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Study shows promise for new cancer-stopping therapy
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Johns Hopkins University have discovered that delivering a small molecule that is highly expressed in normal tissues but lost in diseased cells can result in tumor suppression.
Jun 11, 2009 |
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Artificial liver may extend lives
The first artificial organ for liver patients that uses immortalized human liver cells, the Extracorporeal Liver Assist Device, or ELAD®, is a bedside system that treats blood plasma, metabolizing toxins and synthesizing ...
Medicine & Health / Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Jun 02, 2009 |
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VA: 3 patients HIV-positive after clinic mistakes
(AP) -- Three patients exposed to contaminated medical equipment at Veterans Affairs hospitals have tested positive for HIV, the agency said Friday.
Medicine & Health / HIV & AIDS
Apr 19, 2009 |
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New studies examine elimination of hepatitis B and C
Two new studies in the April issue of Hepatology explore the ways that hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be cleared from patients' bodies. Hepatology is a journal published by John Wiley & Sons on beh ...
Medicine & Health / Diseases, Conditions, Syndromes
Apr 01, 2009 |
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16th-century Korean mummy provides clue to hepatitis B virus genetic code
The discovery of a mummified Korean child with relatively preserved organs enabled an Israeli-South Korean scientific team to conduct a genetic analysis on a liver biopsy which revealed a unique hepatitis ...
Other Sciences / Archaeology & Fossils
May 29, 2012 |
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Adapting personal glucose monitors to detect DNA
An inexpensive device used by millions of people with diabetes could be adapted into a home DNA detector that enables individuals to perform home tests for viruses and bacteria in human body fluids, in food ...
Chemistry / Analytical Chemistry
Feb 29, 2012 |
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Gov't to adopt strict new limits on chimp research
(AP) -- Days in the laboratory are numbered for chimpanzees, humans' closest relative.
Dec 15, 2011 |
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Group urges gov't to strictly limit chimp research
Chimpanzees should hardly ever be used for medical research, a prestigious scientific group told the government Thursday - advice that means days in the laboratory may be numbered for humans' closest relatives.
Dec 15, 2011 |
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Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a disease caused by HBV hepatitis B virus which infects the liver of hominoidae, including humans, and causes an inflammation called hepatitis. Originally known as "serum hepatitis", the disease has caused epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa, and it is endemic in China. About a third of the world's population, more than 2 billion people, have been infected with the hepatitis B virus. This includes 350 million chronic carriers of the virus. Transmission of hepatitis B virus results from exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood.
The acute illness causes liver inflammation, vomiting, jaundice and—rarely—death. Chronic hepatitis B may eventually cause liver cirrhosis and liver cancer—a fatal disease with very poor response to current chemotherapy. The infection is preventable by vaccination.
Hepatitis B virus is an hepadnavirus—hepa from hepatotrophic and dna because it is a DNA virus—and it has a circular genome composed of partially double-stranded DNA. The viruses replicate through an RNA intermediate form by reverse transcription, and in this respect they are similar to retroviruses. Although replication takes place in the liver, the virus spreads to the blood where virus-specific proteins and their corresponding antibodies are found in infected people. Blood tests for these proteins and antibodies are used to diagnose the infection.
For more information about Hepatitis B, read the full article at
Wikipedia.
This text uses material from Wikipedia and is available under the GNU Free Documentation License.
