How tall trees move sugars

Scientists have long assumed that the sugars that nourish trees are pushed by water pressure from the leaves where they are created to the stems and roots where they are needed.

Carbon nanotubes worth their salt

Lawrence Livermore scientists, in collaboration with researchers at Northeastern University, have developed carbon nanotube pores that can exclude salt from seawater. The team also found that water permeability in carbon ...

Water gunks up biofuels production from bio-oils

Creating transportation fuels from wood chips, grasses, or other types of biomass remains a significant scientific challenge. One troubling step in the process of turning biomass-derived oils into transportation fuels requires ...

How to save underground railways from climate change flooding

When superstorm Sandy hit New York in 2012, it caused a massive 14-foot storm surge. Several New York City subway stations were flooded and the subway was shut down for days. Although the authorities prepared well for the ...

'Report card' gives Mississippi River basin a D+

A report card is out on the Mississippi River basin, and the grade is not good: a D+, with an aging transportation infrastructure topping the list of concerns.

Charting the slopes of sediment transport

In the Earth Surface Dynamics Lab at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) the behavior of rivers is modeled through the use of artificial rivers—flumes—through which water can be pumped at varying rates over ...

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