(PhysOrg.com) -- The human genome contains some 3 billion base pairs that are tightly compacted into the nucleus of each cell. If a DNA strand were the thickness of a human hair, the entire human genome would be crammed into ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jan 17, 2012
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Gene transcription is central to cell function, as it converts the information stored in the DNA into RNA molecules of defined sequence, which then program protein synthesis. The enzyme RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is responsible ...
Cell & Microbiology
Feb 23, 2011
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Conventional wisdom holds that optical microscopy can't be used to "see" something as small as an individual molecule. But as it is wont, clever science has once again overturned conventional wisdom. Secretary of Energy, ...
Nanophysics
Jul 14, 2010
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The mechanism by which 'polycomb' proteins critical for embyronic stem cell function and fate are targeted to DNA has been identified by UCL scientists.
Cell & Microbiology
Jun 11, 2010
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(PhysOrg.com) -- It's a little like finding out that Superman is actually Clark Kent. A team of biologists at Washington University in St. Louis has discovered that two vital cellular components, nuclear RNA Polymerases IV ...
Jan 6, 2009
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Fleshy fruits are an important part of the human diet. They provide vitamins, carotenoids, flavonoids and other health-promoting nutrients. Because most of the fruit nutritional and sensory quality traits are determined at ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Dec 9, 2022
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RNA polymerase II (Pol II), a key enzyme in our gene expression, is responsible for transcribing DNA into messenger RNA. Errors in transcription can cause deleterious effect upon repeated translation of erroneous mRNA into ...
Cell & Microbiology
May 3, 2016
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Scientists at the Helmholtz Zentrum München, working with colleagues from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, have developed a method for the thorough analysis of protein modifications. They mapped the phosphorylation ...
Cell & Microbiology
Jan 21, 2016
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Before DNA can be transcribed into RNA, an early step in turning the genetic template into protein, the nucleus must first assemble a molecular machine called the pre-initiation complex (PIC), capable of unzipping the double ...
Cell & Microbiology
Dec 2, 2014
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For 10 years, Patrick Cramer and his colleagues at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich have probed the structure of RNA polymerase I, a crucial cog in the machinery of all cells. Now they unveil the full three-dimensional ...
Cell & Microbiology
Oct 24, 2013
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