Study examines Southern Ocean warming and its climatic impacts

The mid-to-high latitude Southern Ocean (30°S southwards) features prevailing westerly winds, the strongest mean sea-surface winds on Earth, which draw up ocean water from below 2–3 km in a wide circumpolar ring. This ...

How thick is Antarctic ice, and what is underneath?

Ice at the edge of the Antarctic continent hosts a flourishing ecosystem. Seals and penguins breed, fish mature, and algae thrive, all thanks to sea ice tethered to the shore, called fast ice. To understand how fast ice protects ...

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