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Biochemistry Jul 18, 2024

Discovery of a tRNA modification enzyme that also acts on nucleosides

The genetic information on DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) and translated to the amino acid sequence by transfer RNA (tRNA) on the ribosome. Modified nucleosides within RNA are involved in maintaining and regulating ...

Evolution Jul 17, 2024

Microbial structures in Antarctic lake could reveal more about how life evolved

In the depths of remote Antarctic lakes, communities of microorganisms are thriving where few life forms can survive. Scientists are studying structures formed by these communities to understand more about microscopic life ...

Evolution Jul 12, 2024

Insight into one of life's earliest ancestors revealed in new study

An international team of researchers led by the University of Bristol has shed light on Earth's earliest ecosystem, showing that within a few hundred million years of planetary formation, life on Earth was already flourishing.

Biotechnology Jul 11, 2024

Novel protein found to inhibit activity of CRISPR-Cas system

In a study published in Nature on July 3, researchers from the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Toronto, Canada, discovered a novel anti-CRISPR protein called AcrIF25, which ...

Astrobiology Jul 9, 2024

Increasing the understanding of early life on Earth could shape the search for life on other planets

Despite decades of research, there's still much scholars don't understand about life's beginnings and early evolution. A UC Riverside paper has opened the door to understanding more and to framing future studies that could ...

Earth Sciences Jun 24, 2024

CO₂ puts heavier stamp on temperature than previously thought, analysis suggests

A doubling of the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere could cause an increase in the average temperature on Earth from 7 to a maximum of 14 degrees. This is shown in the analysis of sediments from the Pacific Ocean off the coast ...

Earth Sciences Jun 21, 2024

Many more bacteria produce greenhouse gases than previously thought, study finds

Caltech researchers have discovered a new class of enzymes that enable a myriad of bacteria to "breathe" nitrate when in low-oxygen conditions. While this is an evolutionary advantage for bacterial survival, the process produces ...

Biotechnology Jun 21, 2024

Beyond CRISPR: seekRNA delivers a new pathway for accurate gene editing

Scientists at the University of Sydney have developed a gene-editing tool with greater accuracy and flexibility than the industry standard, CRISPR, which has revolutionized genetic engineering in medicine, agriculture and ...

Cell & Microbiology Jun 13, 2024

Not wrapping but folding: Bacteria also organize their DNA, but they do it a bit differently

Some bacteria, it turns out, have proteins much like ours that organize the DNA in their cells. They just do it a bit differently. This is revealed by new research from biochemists at the Leiden Institute of Chemistry and ...

Cell & Microbiology Jun 11, 2024

Scientists unlock secrets of how the third form of life makes energy

An international scientific team has redefined our understanding of archaea, a microbial ancestor to humans from two billion years ago, by showing how they use hydrogen gas.

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