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Molecular & Computational biology Jan 24, 2024

New buzz about coffee genes: A more complete genome sequence of world's most popular variety

Like its flavor profile, the genome of Arabica coffee is large and complex. This makes breeding and genetic survey work more difficult, but this diverse genetic background may have contributed to bean's popularity, practicality, ...

Plants & Animals Jan 15, 2024

New research reveals major difference in genomes of American and Chinese chestnut

The chromosomes of American and Chinese chestnut are not so similar after all, at least in one key region of the genome—the nucleolus organizing region (NOR).

Archaeology Jan 11, 2024

First prehistoric person with Turner syndrome identified from ancient DNA

Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute, working with University of Oxford, University of York and Oxford Archaeology, have developed a new technique to measure the number of chromosomes in ancient genomes more precisely, ...

Cell & Microbiology Jan 3, 2024

Nematode proteins shed light on infertility

In a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, University of Utah (the U) biologists have developed a method for illuminating the intricate interactions of the synaptonemal complex in the ...

Cell & Microbiology Jan 3, 2024

How cells accurately assemble complex machinery

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, carrying out functions to keep everything running smoothly. Some proteins work on their own, but in other cases many proteins assemble together to create a complex machine. These proteins ...

Plants & Animals Jan 3, 2024

Scientists sequence full genome of sea cucumber inhabiting hydrothermal vent

Hydrothermal vents are an unlikely environment for animals to flourish, characterized by rapid changes in temperature and a challenging chemistry: acidic pH, rich in sulfur and methane. Not to mention the high hydrostatic ...

Biotechnology Dec 20, 2023

How researchers are 'CReATiNG' synthetic chromosomes faster and cheaper

A new technique invented by researchers at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Science may revolutionize the field of synthetic biology. Known as CReATiNG (Cloning Reprogramming and Assembling Tiled Natural Genomic ...

Biotechnology Dec 19, 2023

Scientists construct a synthetic yeast genome

Chromosomes are long DNA molecules that collectively form a genome, containing all the genetic material of an organism. Advances in technology have allowed scientists to redesign and construct different chromosomal sequences, ...

Plants & Animals Dec 18, 2023

Study sheds new light on regulation of sex differentiation in spotted knifejaw, a cultured fish

A new study published in the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules has identified the regulatory mechanism of sex differentiation in the important cultured fish, the spotted knifejaw (X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y).

Molecular & Computational biology Dec 15, 2023

Sex chromosomes responsible for much more than determining sex, study shows

Human sex chromosomes originated from a pair of autosomes, the ordinary or non-sex chromosomes that contain the majority of our genome and come in identical pairs. That ancestral pair of autosomes diverged to become two different ...

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