Primordial galaxies as a research area focuses on the formation, physical conditions, and early evolution of the first galactic systems emerging in the high-redshift Universe (z ≳ 6–15). It investigates how gas cooling, metal-free or metal-poor star formation, feedback from massive Population III and early Population II stars, and nascent black holes drove the buildup of stellar mass, chemical enrichment, and reionization of the intergalactic medium. This field integrates observations from deep near-infrared surveys and spectroscopy with cosmological hydrodynamical simulations and semi-analytic models to constrain dark matter halo assembly, baryonic physics, and the linkage between early galaxies and large-scale structure.
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