Particle physics is a research area focused on the fundamental constituents of matter and radiation and the interactions governing them, typically described by quantum field theories such as the Standard Model. It investigates quarks, leptons, gauge bosons, and the Higgs boson, and their dynamics under the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces, often at high energies where new degrees of freedom become accessible. The field relies on large-scale experiments (e.g., collider-based and fixed-target facilities), precision measurements, and advanced detectors, while also exploring physics beyond the Standard Model, including neutrino properties, dark matter candidates, and potential new symmetries or interaction sectors.
Protons and neutrons—the building blocks of matter—belong to a huge class of particles called hadrons. Hadrons are composite particles made of quarks that are bound together by the strong force. They are classified into two ...
General Physics
May 26, 2026
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The middle of the twentieth century was a period of significant scientific advancement, particularly in the realm of physics. Within this rapidly changing landscape, academic disciplines emerged and evolved to keep pace with ...
General Physics
May 19, 2026
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If you could take an apple and break it into smaller and smaller parts, you would find molecules, then atoms, followed by subatomic particles like protons and the quarks and gluons that make them up. You might think you hit ...
General Physics
May 14, 2026
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A tiny discrepancy in particle physics has loomed for decades as an exciting possible crack in one of science's most successful theories, hinting at unknown forces or quantum objects. Now, an international team led by a Penn ...
General Physics
Apr 22, 2026
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Recent findings from research we have been carrying out at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at Cern in Geneva suggest that we might be closing in on signs of undiscovered physics.
General Physics
Apr 20, 2026
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According to our current understanding of the universe, quarks are fundamental, point-like particles: basic building blocks that are not made up of smaller particles. A recent paper from the CMS Collaboration describes how ...
General Physics
Apr 16, 2026
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When fundamental particles are heavier or lighter than expected, physicists' understanding of the universe can tip into the unknown. A particle that is just beyond its predicted mass can unravel scientists' assumptions about ...
General Physics
Apr 8, 2026
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Researchers at IPhT (CEA, CNRS) and the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona have shown that gravity—and with it, supersymmetry—emerge as logical necessities whenever a massive spin-3/2 particle exists in nature. Two principles ...
General Physics
Apr 2, 2026
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An international collaboration, including Northwestern University, has reached a critical milestone in the search for dark matter, the mysterious substance that makes up about 85% of all matter in the universe. Located two ...
General Physics
Mar 18, 2026
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The CMS Collaboration has shown, for the first time, that machine learning can be used to fully reconstruct particle collisions at the LHC. This new approach can reconstruct collisions more quickly and precisely than traditional ...
General Physics
Feb 18, 2026
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