Oxygen content in water refers to the total amount of dissolved molecular oxygen (O₂) present per unit volume, typically expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or as percent saturation relative to atmospheric equilibrium. It is governed by gas solubility equilibria (primarily Henry’s law), temperature, salinity, and pressure, as well as biological and chemical processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and oxidation reactions. Oxygen content is a key parameter in aquatic system characterization, influencing redox conditions, biogeochemical cycling, and habitat suitability, and is routinely measured using electrochemical or optical sensors in limnological, oceanographic, and water-quality research.
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