Mineral deposits are naturally occurring concentrations of minerals in the Earth’s crust that are sufficiently enriched above background levels to be of scientific interest, whether or not they are currently economically exploitable. They form through diverse geological processes, including magmatic differentiation, hydrothermal fluid circulation, sedimentary precipitation, weathering and supergene enrichment, and metamorphic remobilization. Key research topics involve their classification (e.g., porphyry, volcanogenic massive sulfide, banded iron formation, lateritic), the physicochemical controls on metal transport and precipitation, ore-forming fluid sources and pathways, and the temporal and tectonic distribution of deposits within the context of crustal evolution and metallogeny.
Imagine running a business for over a century without knowing what's in your warehouse. That's essentially what many African countries are doing with their mineral wealth. Governments across the continent still have very ...
Earth Sciences
Aug 11, 2025
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Japan will from January attempt to extract rare earth minerals from the ocean floor in the deepest trial of its kind, the director of a government innovation program said Thursday.
Environment
Jul 3, 2025
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96
An international study has revealed how continental collisions may have supercharged the Earth's richest deposits of copper, a metal critical for clean energy technologies and global infrastructure.
Earth Sciences
Jul 3, 2025
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100
Seabed mining could become one of the defining environmental battles of 2025. Around the world, governments are weighing up whether to allow mining of the ocean floor for metal ores and minerals. New Zealand is among them.
Environment
Jun 16, 2025
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24
In a world hungry for crucial resources, China may not be poised to start deep-sea mining but it is planting seeds for such operations in a meticulously planned economic and geopolitical strategy.
Environment
Jun 10, 2025
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92
The ocean's deep-sea bed is scattered with ancient rocks, each about the size of a closed fist, called "polymetallic nodules." Elsewhere, along active and inactive hydrothermal vents and the deep ocean's ridges, volcanic ...
Earth Sciences
Apr 29, 2025
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34
Dry river channels and lake beds on Mars point to the long-ago presence of a liquid on the planet's surface, and the minerals observed from orbit and from landers seem to many to prove that the liquid was ordinary water.
Planetary Sciences
Dec 5, 2024
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