Mammalogy is the branch of zoological science dedicated to the study of mammals, encompassing their taxonomy, evolutionary relationships, anatomy, physiology, behavior, ecology, and biogeography. It integrates comparative morphology, molecular systematics, and fossil evidence to elucidate mammalian phylogeny and diversification. Mammalogists investigate population dynamics, life-history strategies, and species interactions within ecosystems, often using quantitative field methods such as mark–recapture, radio-telemetry, and noninvasive genetic sampling. The discipline also underpins evidence-based conservation and wildlife management by assessing extinction risk, habitat requirements, and responses to anthropogenic change, and it contributes to broader biological theory regarding endothermy, reproductive strategies, sensory systems, and mammalian adaptations to diverse environments.
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