Immune evasion is a biological process by which pathogens, tumor cells, or other aberrant cells avoid detection, recognition, or elimination by the host immune system, thereby promoting persistence and proliferation. Mechanisms include antigenic variation, downregulation or loss of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, expression of immune checkpoint ligands (e.g., PD-L1), secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, induction of regulatory T cells or myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and shielding of antigens within biofilms or physical barriers. This process critically influences infection chronicity, tumor progression, vaccine efficacy, and the outcome of host–pathogen or host–tumor coevolution.
Researchers have developed an innovative nano-immune agonist that significantly improves immunotherapy outcomes for melanoma—a highly aggressive and hard-to-treat form of skin cancer.
Bio & Medicine
Apr 22, 2025
0
30
Researchers from Auburn University, partnering with the University of Basel in Switzerland, have discovered a new way to make a cancer-targeting protein complex more stable, opening doors to better cancer treatments. Led ...
Bio & Medicine
Nov 14, 2024
0
27
The tumor microenvironment—an ad hoc, messy amalgamation of signaling molecules, immune cells, fibroblasts, blood vessels, and the extracellular matrix—acts like a "powerful security system that protects solid tumors from ...
Bio & Medicine
Sep 4, 2024
0
77
A drug-carrying molecule designed to cure disease by slipping past the lung's natural defenses offers new hope for people with chronic or deadly respiratory diseases, say its creators, researchers in assistant professor Liheng ...
Bio & Medicine
Aug 22, 2024
0
117
Phototherapy is a safe and effective method for tumor treatment, including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). PTT refers to the use of laser to activate photothermal conversion agents and use high ...
Bio & Medicine
Jun 14, 2024
0
147
An interdisciplinary collaboration has designed a way to "cloak" proteins so that they can be captured by lipid nanoparticles, which are akin to tiny bubbles of fat. These bubbles are small enough to sneak their hidden cargo ...
Bio & Medicine
May 28, 2024
0
105
Many pancreatic tumors are like malignant fortresses, surrounded by a dense matrix of collagen and other tissue that shields them from immune cells and immunotherapies that have been effective in treating other cancers. Employing ...
Bio & Medicine
May 2, 2024
0
98
Urinary tract infections (UTIs), affecting millions worldwide, are predominantly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). These infections are characterized by bacterial adhesion and colonization in the urinary tract, ...
Bio & Medicine
Mar 14, 2024
0
87
Vanderbilt researchers have developed a new nanoparticle that can more get drugs inside cells to boost the immune system and fight diseases such as cancer.
Bio & Medicine
Feb 26, 2024
0
210
Generally speaking, the higher the degree of information restoration of a vaccine to a virus, the greater its potential efficacy. The virus itself is the most authentic vaccine, such as the varicella-zoster virus, which provides ...
Bio & Medicine
Feb 21, 2024
0
75
