Genetically engineered organisms (GEOs) are biological entities—prokaryotic or eukaryotic—whose genomes have been deliberately modified using recombinant DNA technologies, genome editing tools (e.g., CRISPR-Cas systems, TALENs, ZFNs), or transgenic methods to introduce, delete, or alter specific genetic sequences. This topic encompasses the design, construction, and characterization of modified genomes; vector systems and delivery methods; control of gene expression; and assessment of phenotypic consequences, stability, and off-target effects. It also includes applications in basic research, biotechnology, agriculture, biopharmaceutical production, and synthetic biology, as well as associated biosafety, containment, and regulatory frameworks governing experimental and environmental use.
The mammalian gut microbiome teems with a delicate balance of bacteria and the viruses that keep them in check, called bacteriophages, or phages. Each bacterial species usually has its own set of phage partners.
Cell & Microbiology
Sep 16, 2026
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84
For too long, the United States has relied on foreign sources for most of the raw materials powering its technological future: the essential minerals in every smartphone, battery pack and semiconductor. What if one answer ...
Biotechnology
Sep 1, 2026
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16
Scientists at the Department of Energy (DOE)'s Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have shown that more than 93% of possible E. coli CRISPR-Cas9 guide RNAs—molecules that direct the gene-editing CRISPR tool to the right ...
Biotechnology
Aug 26, 2026
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10
Weill Cornell Medicine investigators have developed a set of molecular tools to regulate the activity of specific genes in one of the most common classes of intestinal bacteria. The ability to genetically manipulate these ...
Cell & Microbiology
Aug 25, 2026
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14
Plastic might be the last ingredient you would ever add to a cookie recipe. But a team of researchers is looking to change that. They've programmed yeasts to turn plastic and agricultural waste into edible proteins and flavoring ...
Cell & Microbiology
Aug 24, 2026
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A citrus greening disease treatment rooted in more than a decade of research at Texas A&M AgriLife Research has reached a milestone on the path to commercial availability. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has granted ...
Molecular & Computational biology
Aug 21, 2026
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13
Scientists can engineer living cells to perform useful tasks, from producing medicines and sustainable chemicals to detecting disease. Unlike traditional engineered systems, living cells are constantly changing as they grow, ...
Cell & Microbiology
Aug 18, 2026
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9
Every year, thousands of tons of radish by-products generated during kimchi production are discarded despite containing valuable carbon and nutrient resources. Researchers at the World Institute of Kimchi (WiKim) have developed ...
Cell & Microbiology
Aug 17, 2026
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13
Humans love dogs, but petting them can leave some people sneezing and wheezing. About 15% of the world's population lives with a dog allergy, which can increase the risk of hay fever and asthma. The main culprit is Can f ...
Scientists have crossed an important line in biological engineering. In a recent study, researchers used artificial intelligence to design complete sets of genetic instructions for bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria. ...
Biotechnology
Aug 12, 2026
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