Culturing specimens is a laboratory method for maintaining and propagating viable biological material—typically microorganisms, cells, or tissues—under controlled environmental conditions to enable growth, survival, or functional analysis. It involves inoculating a specimen into or onto a defined growth medium (solid, liquid, or semi-solid) optimized for nutrient composition, pH, osmolarity, and selective agents, followed by incubation at specific temperature, gas composition, and humidity. This method allows enrichment, isolation of pure cultures, quantification, phenotypic characterization, and downstream applications such as antimicrobial susceptibility testing, genomic analysis, and functional assays, while requiring strict aseptic technique and, when relevant, biosafety containment procedures.