Climatology is the scientific discipline within the atmospheric sciences that investigates the statistical behavior, physical processes, and dynamics of the climate system over periods from decades to millennia. It analyzes long-term patterns and variability of atmospheric variables such as temperature, precipitation, radiation, and circulation, and their coupling with oceans, cryosphere, land surface, and biosphere. Climatology employs observational datasets, reanalyses, paleoclimate proxies, and numerical climate models to quantify mean states, extremes, teleconnections, and feedbacks, and to attribute observed changes to internal variability and external forcings, including solar, volcanic, and anthropogenic influences.
A new analysis of chemical signatures measured by NASA's Curiosity Rover gives a peek at Mars's past to a time some 3.7 billion years ago, when it was warmer and wetter.
Astrobiology
Oct 29, 2025
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22 of the planet's 34 vital signs are at record levels, with many of them continuing to trend sharply in the wrong direction. This is the message of the sixth issue of the annual "State of the Climate" report. The report ...
Environment
Oct 29, 2025
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Tiny airborne particles known as aerosols, from biomass burning, urban pollution, and industrial emissions, can dramatically alter rainfall, cloud formation, and atmospheric stability. A new study led by Professor Kyong-Hwan ...
Earth Sciences
Oct 16, 2025
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With a pioneering, comprehensive approach on a global scale, Brazilian researchers have developed a methodology that allows them to project the physiological responses of herds of different production animal species to the ...
Plants & Animals
Oct 1, 2025
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Four of the most important interconnected parts of the Earth's climate system are losing stability, according to a review article based on observational data published in Nature Geoscience. The researchers succeeded in highlighting ...
Earth Sciences
Oct 1, 2025
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A team of researchers at the University of Miami has developed a global atmospheric modeling framework that blends powerful research capabilities with accessibility for students and scientists alike.
Earth Sciences
Oct 1, 2025
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12
A new study published in the journal Science, led by scientists at the City College of New York (CCNY) and Columbia University, challenges long-held beliefs about how El Niño events influence rainfall during the Indian summer ...
Earth Sciences
Sep 28, 2025
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60
The rain delays, sorghum withers; when a storm finally breaks, complaints rise again. To break this cycle of uncertainty, scientists from the Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, INERA, and the University of Ghana ...
Agriculture
Sep 19, 2025
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11
Deep in the heart of Central Asia, the Kunlun Mountains form a vital barrier on the northern Tibetan Plateau. Their rainfall is a lifeline, feeding the oases and rivers of the arid Tarim Basin. While scientists have mapped ...
Earth Sciences
Sep 19, 2025
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England's shift from fixed temperature to impact-based weather alerts is working well, but some minor confusion remains around its color-coded warnings, according to new research from the University of Surrey.
Environment
Sep 17, 2025
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