Artificial intelligence, as a technique, refers to computational methods that enable machines to perform tasks that typically require human cognitive capabilities, such as perception, reasoning, learning, and decision-making. Core AI techniques include search and optimization algorithms, symbolic reasoning and knowledge representation, probabilistic inference, and machine learning approaches such as supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning. These techniques often rely on statistical modeling, function approximation, and gradient-based optimization to construct models that generalize from data. AI techniques are implemented in software frameworks, integrated into pipelines for training, validation, and deployment, and are evaluated using task-specific performance metrics and robustness assessments.
Machine learning models called convolutional neural networks (CNNs) power technologies like image recognition and language translation. A quantum counterpart—known as a quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN)—could process ...
Optics & Photonics
Nov 25, 2025
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Australia has the largest intact savannas on Earth. Savannas are an ever-changing mosaic of ecosystems—from the sparse grasslands to dense woodlands, forests and wetlands.
Ecology
Nov 25, 2025
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Earthquake forecasting tools powered by AI can forecast the risk of aftershocks seconds after the initial tremor, a new study suggests. The machine learning models can forecast where, and how many, aftershocks will take place ...
Earth Sciences
Nov 24, 2025
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Every year, companies and space agencies launch hundreds of rockets into space—and that number is set to grow dramatically with ambitious missions to the moon, Mars and beyond. But these dreams hinge on one critical challenge: ...
Space Exploration
Nov 24, 2025
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We live in a time often characterized as a polycrisis. One of those crises is human-caused climate change, an issue currently being discussed by delegates at the COP30 climate talks in Belém, Brazil.
Environment
Nov 19, 2025
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Predicting earthquakes has long been an unattainable fantasy. Factors like odd animal behaviors that have historically been thought to forebode earthquakes are not supported by empirical evidence. As these factors often occur ...
Earth Sciences
Nov 19, 2025
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A study published in Methods in Ecology and Evolution, used artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze over 300,000 hours of vocal recordings of mammal species from Far North Queensland to southern New South Wales and discovered ...
Plants & Animals
Nov 18, 2025
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In stunning new time-lapse videos, biological nanoparticles scoot and flit across a starry field of glowing dots. Guided by the invisible chemistry of attraction, these microscopic travelers eventually group together to form ...
Bio & Medicine
Nov 18, 2025
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A machine learning framework can distinguish molecules made by biological processes from those formed through non-biological processes and could be used to analyze samples returned by current and future planetary missions. ...
Astrobiology
Nov 18, 2025
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At the U.N. climate talks in Brazil, artificial intelligence is being cast as both a hero worthy of praise and a villain that needs policing.
Environment
Nov 18, 2025
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